1.  Physical / biological coupling. b. Upstream and Broader Scale Effects Influenced by Climate Change.      This work could be facilitated through the use of a nested series  of coupled physical/biological models that link the basin scale forcing to the local biological and  physical dynamics, and through studies that foster the integration of target species data sets from  other parts of the North Atlantic.  Studies that investigate the regional and basin- wide  manifestation of climate variability as they impact the study area are encouraged.