New England fishery closed areas:  a 9 year + case
study in temperate waters (5 pseudo-replicates)
 Previous work (2000) demonstrated “reserve
effects”  especially for sea scallop and other benthics
 Seasonal movements and depth distributions of many
target species means that cross-boundary excursions
are frequent
 Are the MPAs providing benefits to conservation
of groundfish resources, & the fishery, and what can
we learn about movement & dispersion?
approaches:
 Differential densities (in/out)
 Potential for “spillover”