range and will extend the range northward of species from lower latitudes. Despite SW transport of low salinity water, the optimal population growth conditions will shift northward for both Arctic and NWA populations resulting in a concomitant northward increase in NWA species and shrinkage of Arctic species range.
H20:  Arctic species, Calanus glacialis and C. hyperboreus, abundance will decrease in the NWA and their ranges will be contracted within the Arctic Ocean itself.  Alternatively, (H2a) abundance of these species will increase in the NWA due to increased Arctic outflow.
H30:  Calanus marshallae will expand into the Arctic and be carried through the Canadian archipelago into the NWA
H40:  The warm water NWA species, Centropages typicus and Centropages hamatus will expand northward increasing abundance the Labrador Sea and Canadian archipelago. The rate of expansion will be slower for Centropages hamatus which lays bottom resting eggs.
H50:  The mechanisms controlling biogeographic patterns in copepod species can be understood by modeling the evolution of optimal life history traits for given environmental conditions and climate scenarios.