U.S. GLOBEC: R/V ENDEAVOR Cruise 331 to the Gulf of Maine

Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the captain and crew of the R/V ENDEAVOR for a productive cruise; their professionalism was greatly appreciated. We also thank the US GLOBEC Georges Bank Program for supporting this cruise, with research support provided by NOAA. Support for the bio-optical oceanographic research conducted on this cruise was provided by an award from the ONR Young Investigator Program.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION

2.0 CRUISE NARRATIVE

3.0 INDIVIDUAL REPORTS

3.1 Principal Project: Processes Regulating the Recruitment of Calanus finmarchicus

3.1.1 Introduction.

3.1.2 Methods

3.1.2.1 Broad-scale survey

3.1.2.2 Zooplankton characterization from MOCNESS samples

3.1.3 Results

3.1.3.1 Broad-scale survey

3.1.3.1.1 Multi-frequency acoustics and Environmental Sensing System (ESS)

3.1.3.2 Zooplankton characterization from MOCNESS samples

3.2 Ancillary Project: Spatio-Temporal Variability of Bio-Optical Properties in the Gulf of Maine

3.2.1 Introduction

3.2.2 Methods

3.2.3 Preliminary Results

4.0 CRUISE PARTICIPANTS 16

4.1 Scientific personnel

4.2 Ship's officers and crew

Appendix I. R/V/ ENDEAVOR Cruise 331 Event Log.

Appendix II. R/V ENDEAVOR Cruise 331 Acoustic Log.

Appendix III. R/V ENDEAVOR Cruise 331 VPR Log.

Appendix IV. R/V ENDEAVOR Cruise 331 "All" Tapes Cross_comparison Log.

Appendix V. R/V/ ENDEAVOR Cruise 331 MOCNESS Zooplankton Log.

Appendix VI. R/V/ ENDEAVOR Cruise 331 Scatterometer Log.

1.0 INTRODUCTION

R/V ENDEAVOR cruise 331 was conducted as a U.S. GLOBEC process cruise to examine late autumn conditions in the Gulf of Maine relevant to ecosystem processes on Georges Bank. The major scientific objectives of the cruise included:

Summaries of the two primary projects supported by this cruise are presented in the sections following the cruise narrative.

R/V ENDEAVOR cruise 331 was planned as a broad-scale, bio-optical, and bioacoustical survey cruise traversing the major basins of the Gulf of Maine. We had weather-based contingency plans for conducting this survey cruise in either a clockwise manner (Wilkinson Basin - Jordan Basin - Georges Basin) or the reverse. A grid of regularly spaced transect lines was laid out for the survey of each basin. In addition to the survey itself, time was allocated for daytime and nighttime MOCNESS tows as well as mid-day light stations.

2.0 CRUISE NARRATIVE

The R/V ENDEAVOR departed Woods Hole on cruise EN-331 at 6:30 on 4 December 1999. Departure was delayed one day while we waited for R/V Oceanus to depart port and make space available for R/V ENDEAVOR to load. Under sunny skies and light winds, we set out for Wilkinson Basin in the Gulf of Maine. A chart of the cruise track for EN-331 provides an outline for the work described in this cruise report (Figure 1 - Appendix I). The meteorological conditions that occurred on this cruise ranged from ideal (i.e. virtually no wind and calm seas) to winter storm conditions (i.e. 50 knot winds and 3 - 4 m seas (Figure 2).


Figure 1. Cruise track, EN331.


Figure 2. Meteorological conditions during EN331.

We arrived at our first site in Wilkinson Basin and deployed the BIOMAPER-II at 14:15 (BMP 1). After all systems were checked, we conducted a daytime MOCNESS tow (MOC 1) from 15:07 to 16:31. After the MOCNESS tow, we began towyoing in Wilkinson Basin along the first west-east transect line (1WBWE). Three towyos (1WBWE1-3) were conducted along this line, although the third was completed as the first towyo on the next transect line (2WBSN1). One additional towyo (2WBSN2) was completed along this line. After this transect line was completed, we conducted a nighttime MOCNESS tow (MOC 2) from 22:58 to 0002 on 5 December. Towyoing resumed after the MOCNESS tow, and we completed three towyos along an east - west transect line (3WBEW1-3), one towyo along a south - north transect line (4WBSN1), and four towyos along a west - east transect line (5WBWE1-4) before reaching the first mid-day light station.

At 11:57, we began the first mid-day light station activities. The BIOMAPER-II was recovered to service an AC-9 during the light station activities. These activities included deployment of a tethered, free-fall vertical Satlantic profiling multi-channel radiometer (SPMR 1) and a CTD/Niskin bottle rosette (CTD 1). The SPMR profile was collected successfully; however, the CTD required two casts before a profile was collected successfully. The light station activities were completed by 14:45.

The BIOMAPER-II was redeployed at 15:11 (BMP 2), and we began towyoing again. Two towyos along a south - north transect line (6WBSN1,2), three towyos along an east - west transect line (7WBEW1-3), and two towyos along a south - north transect line (8WBSN1,2) were completed before the final nighttime MOCNESS tow (MOC 3) in Wilkinson Basin was conducted from 00:37 to 01:58 on 6 December. The BIOMAPER-II was recovered at 02:02, and we began the transit to Jordan Basin.

The BIOMAPER-II was deployed in Jordan Basin at 12:16 (BMP3) and towed near the surface as we conducted a daytime MOCNESS tow and mid-day light station. The MOCNESS (MOC 4) was conducted from 12:13 to 13:30. The mid-day light station activities began at 13:42. These activities included deployment of a tethered, free-fall vertical Satlantic profiling multi-channel radiometer (SPMR 2) and a CTD/Niskin bottle rosette (CTD 2). The light station activities were completed by 15:04.

At 15:15, we began towyoing again. Five towyos along a south - north transect line (1JBSN1-5) were completed before a nighttime MOCNESS tow (MOC 5) was conducted from 21:55 to 22:54. Towyoing resumed after the MOCNESS tow, and we completed one towyo along a west - east transect line (2JBWE1), four towyos along a north - south transect line (3JBNS1-4), one towyo along a west - east transect line (4JBWE1), and four towyos along a south - north transect line (5JBSN1-4) before stopping at 12:34 on 7 December to conduct a CTD cast (CTD 3). After the CTD cast, we began towyoing again at 13:06. Three north - south towyos and one west - east towyo were conducted before we recovered the BIOMAPER-II at 18:05 for the transit to Georges Basin. A winter storm moved in at this time, and delayed our departure until the next morning at 08:00 (8 December).

The BIOMAPER-II was deployed in Georges Basin at 18:39 (BMP4). One towyo was completed along a west - east transect line (1GBWE1), but the video plankton recorder (VPR) only worked intermittently at depths greater than 250 m. The BIOMAPER-II was recovered at 20:50 to check all cables and connectors. No obvious problems were discovered, so we redeployed the BIOMAPER-II (BMP 5) at 21:28 and decided to not exceed 250 m during towyos. A nighttime MOCNESS tow (MOC 6) was conducted from 21:38 to 23:14. Towyoing resumed after the MOCNESS tow, and we completed five more towyos along the west - east transect line in Georges Basin (1GBWE2-6) and five towyos along a north - south transect line in Northeast Channel (1NECNS1-5). We reached the end of the second line at 12:35 on 9 December and stopped to conduct a mid-day light station and daytime MOCNESS tow.

The mid-day light station activities began at 12:46. These activities included deployment of a tethered, free-fall vertical Satlantic profiling multi-channel radiometer (SPMR 3) and a CTD/Niskin bottle rosette (CTD 4). The light station activities were completed by 14:13. The daytime MOCNESS tow (MOC7) was conducted from 14:15 to 15:27.

After the MOCNESS tow, we began towyoing again at 16:04. Three south - north towyos in Northeast Channel (2NECSN1-3) and two east -west towyos in Georges Basin (2GBEW1,2) were conducted before we stopped for a nighttime MOCNESS tow. The MOCNESS tow (MOC 8) was conducted from 22:47 to 00:21 on 10 December. After the MOCNESS tow, we resumed towyoing. Five more towyos in Georges Basin (2GBEW3-7) were conducted before we recovered the BIOMAPER-II at 08:38 on 10 December. With the BIOMAPER-II aboard, we steamed for cover behind Cape Cod to avoid the worst of an approaching winter storm. During the steam to the Cape, we stopped at a station in the Gulf of Maine, between Franklin and Wilkinson Basins, to conduct a mid-day light station. The mid-day light station activities began at 12:24. These activities included deployment of a tethered, free-fall vertical Satlantic profiling multi-channel radiometer (SPMR 4) and a CTD/Niskin bottle rosette (CTD 5). The light station activities were completed by 13:40.

Strong winds, approaching 50 knots, prevented us from working outside the protection of the Cape on 11 December. Therefore, we conducted a BIOMAPER-II deployment (BMP 6) and recovery drill in mid-afternoon to videotape the handling system's performance. This drill went well, and we have good video footage to share with interested parties.

We remained behind Cape Cod until conditions improved during the late morning of 12 December. At that point, we steamed out into Massachusetts Bay to conduct a mid-day light station. The BIOMAPER-II was deployed (BMP 7), and we conducted a shallow towyo prior to the light station. The light station activities began at 11:19. These activities included deployment of a tethered, free-fall vertical Satlantic profiling multi-channel radiometer (SPMR 5) and a CTD/Niskin bottle rosette (CTD 6). The light station activities were completed by 12:50, and another shallow towyo was conducted. Afterwards, the BIOMAPER-II was recovered at 14:37.

As conditions continued to improve, we took advantage of our extra time and steamed out into Wilkinson Basin to perform several experiments. The first experiment, designed by Peter Wiebe, involved towing the BIOMAPER-II horizontally for 6-min intervals at a series of depths 25 m apart. This experiment was designed to help us determine the source of acoustic backscattering enhancement or suppression associated with towyoing the BIOMAPER-II through different portions of the water column. The second experiment, designed by Mark Benfield, involved simultaneously towyoing the BIOMAPER-II and MOCNESS between 20 m and 30 m. A related, third experiment, designed by Mark Benfield, involved simultaneously towing the BIOMAPER-II and MOCNESS for 6-minute intervals at a series of depths 2 m apart between 30 m and 14 m. Both experiments were designed to intercompare acoustic, VPR, and net sampling methods for estimating zooplankton distribution and abundance.

When we reached an appropriate starting position, the BIOMAPER-II was deployed (BMP 8) at 16:40. The first Benfield experiment was conducted from17:01 to 18:06 and included the ninth MOCNESS deployment (MOC 9). The Wiebe experiment was conducted between 18:15 and 21:00. The second Benfield experiment was conducted from 21:06 to 23:01 and included the tenth MOCNESS deployment (MOC 10). After these experiments were completed, we recovered the MOCNESS and BIOMAPER-II and began the steam to Woods Hole.

We arrived in Woods Hole at about 14:30 on 13 December 1999.

3.0 INDIVIDUAL REPORTS

3.1 Principal Project: Processes Regulating the Recruitment of Calanus finmarchicus from the Gulf of Maine to Georges Bank.

Principal Investigators: C.H. Greene (Cornell), M.C. Benfield (LSU), P.H. Wiebe (WHOI).

3.1.1 Introduction.

Calanus finmarchicus dominates zooplankton secondary production on Georges Bank during spring. The Georges Bank Calanus population is derived from diapausing populations in the deep basins of the Gulf of Maine, the Slope Water, and the Scotian Shelf east of the Bank. It is hypothesized that processes that regulate the survivorship and supply of Calanus from diapausing populations in the deep basins of the Gulf of Maine determine this copepod species' annual production on Georges Bank. To test this hypothesis, research is being conducted 1) to determine what processes regulate the abundance and survivorship of the diapausing Calanus populations in these deep basins, and 2) to determine how physical and biological processes interact to seed Georges Bank with recruits from these basins each year.

Acoustic and video remote-sensing methods were used to survey diapausing populations of Calanus in Georges, Jordan, and Wilkinson Basins of the Gulf of Maine. Broad-scale survey cruises conducted in early and late autumn

during 1998 and 1999 will be used to estimate survivorship of the diapausing Calanus and the scale-dependent spatial coupling of Calanus and its principal invertebrate predators - the euphausiid, Meganyctiphanes norvegica, and the siphonophore, Nanomia cara.

Results from field studies will focus on quantifying the relative contribution of predation to the overall mortality of the diapausing Calanus population. The results from field studies also will be used as input to coupled physical-biological models to examine how physical transport processes in the Gulf of Maine interact with Calanus' seasonal and diel vertical migration behaviors to seed Georges Bank with new recruits during winter.

3.1.2 Methods

3.1.2.1 Broad-scale survey

A broad-scale survey of the Gulf of Maine deep basins was conducted from December 4-13, 1999. The survey track included multiple transect lines in Wilkinson, Jordan, and Georges Basins (Figure 1). The survey was conducted

using a high-speed, deep-towed system, the BIOMAPER-II, configured with multiple-frequency (43 kHz, 120 kHz, 200 kHz, 420 kHz, and 1 MHz) acoustics, a video plankton recorder (VPR), and several bio-optical sensors (down- and upwelling spectral radiometers, spectrally matched attenuation, scattering, and absorption meters). The acoustic frequencies were chosen to bracket the transition from the Rayleigh to geometric scattering regions for the target species under investigation. A down- and up-looking transducer operated at each frequency to provide more complete coverage of the water column when the instrument was towyoed. Echo integration was conducted at 12-second intervals to provide volume-backscattering data at all five frequencies. Split-beam data were collected at the four lower frequencies. All raw acoustic data were recorded on digital audio tape, while the processing for echo integration was carried out in real time (Appendix II).

The software to acquire the data, which was provided by HTI, enabled the simultaneous acquisition of data on five frequencies each with two transducers (one up-looking and one down-looking). The range of the 0.5 meter depth strata allocated for each transducer was dependent on frequency with the lowest frequencies given the longest range and highest frequency the shortest range i.e. 43 kHz = 200 m, 120 kHz = 200 m, 200 kHz = 149 m, 420 kHz = 100 m, 1000 kHz = 35 m). A ping cycle for all frequencies and transducers took about 2.5 seconds with a firing sequence of down-looking 43, 120, 200, 420, 1000 kHz and then up-looking 43, 120, 200, 420, 1000 kHz. Target strength measurements were also collected on the lower 4 frequencies out to 20 meters from the surface of the split beam transducers. In addition, the raw data for each ping were recorded on DAT tape for post-processing of either target strengths or echo-integrations on a different time averaging basis. Each tape recorded two gigabytes of data and a total of 58 tapes were recorded during the cruise.

Post-processing software was used to combine the up-looking and down-looking data for a given frequency, and then the data were displayed in a color-enhanced echogram. On this cruise, a MATLAB version of the program to translate HTI-DES formatted acoustic data to a MATLAB compatible format (the Wiebe format) was used by Joe Warren to post-process the acoustic data.

The VPR mounted on BIOMAPER-II sampled a volume of 41.7 liters min-1. All video images were recorded on SVHS tape for post-cruise processing, while real-time processing enabled us to capture in-focus images to hard disk (Appendix III). GPS data were synchronized with the VPR signal and stamped on the video time code. Our at-sea image-processing was designed to provide a qualitative estimate of the distribution of different taxa in the sense that we had not verified the extraction efficiencies of our program settings. The constantly updating regions of interest (ROIs) that appeared on our computer monitor gave us some ground-truthing information along the cruise track. Quantitative ground-truthing will have to wait until the data are post-processed on shore using verified extraction settings.

Cross-referencing information was prepared at the end of the cruise for the various logged data sets (Appendix IV).

This was the second cruise on which BIOMAPER-II was deployed, towed, and recovered using the unique, self-contained handling system newly-built by Dynacon, Inc. specifically for BIOMAPER-II, with funding from DURIP. Powered and controlled electrically and driven hydraulically, it was first used on ENDEAVOR Cruise 330 in October 1999. The system consists of a winch and electro-optical cable, slack tensioner, J-frame/docking mechanism, power pack/hydraulic system, and local and remote controls (See the report for ENDEAVOR Cruise 330 for more details of its construction and use). The slack tensioner is a coupled hydraulic and nitrogen gas compensated system. Currently we have separate high (450 psi) and low (350 psi) pressure manifolds connected to same pressure N2 tanks, separated by valves into the accumulator cylinder. During the cruise, A. Girard logged wire tension, accumulator tank pressure, and piston extension distance of the Dynacon slack/tensioning system. Wire tension and line payout were recorded from the winch control console. Accumulator tank pressure was read from the gauge on one of the two open manifolds above the bank of nitrogen tanks. The piston extension distance was measured from the shoulder of cylinder to the bottom of the mount on top of the piston using a tape measure. Most of the measurements were recorded during flat calm seas. During these times there was little movement in the slack/tensioner. The manual logging was tedious, slow, and subject to error. An automated recording system would overcome these problems. These recordings provided baseline data on which showed the pressure response to increased wire tension as the cable was paid out to a maximum of 800 m during towyos of BIOMAPER-II. The purpose of having two banks of tanks, one with high pressure and one with lower pressure, was to be able to switch between the two enable better compensation near the surface when tension is lower (lower pressure bank) and at depth when the tension is higher (high pressure bank). However, this must now be done manually and for several reasons does not work very well. As a result, we tuned the compensation system so that it functioned best when BIOMAPER-II was at the surface. A fully automated dynamic pressure compensation system is needed to handle the dynamic range of tensions experienced by BIOMAPER-II as it is towyoed between 0 and 300 m depth. The handling system as a whole worked very well for the duration of the cruise.

3.1.2.2 Zooplankton characterization from MOCNESS samples

During the broad-scale survey cruise of the Gulf of Maine deep basins, MOCNESS tows were conducted at three stations in Wilkinson Basin, two stations in Jordan Basin, and three stations in Georges Basin, one of which was in the Northeast Channel (Table 1).

Table 1. MOCNESS tow data.

Tow # Date Time In Lat(N) Lon(W) Time Out Lat(N) Lon(W) Sunrise (local time) Sunset
M-01-001 04 Dec 1999 338.629861 42.0823 -069.6970 338.688194 42.0845 -069.6418 0650 1608
M-01-002 04 Dec 1999 338.998611 42.2687 -069.3062 339.001389 42.2637 -069.3500 0643 1606
M-01-003 06 Dec 1999 340.025694 42.7248 -069.8373 340.123611 42.6711 -069.8475 0654 1606
M-01-004 06 Dec 1999 340.514583 43.3174 -068.0000 340.562500 43.2828 -068.0142 0649 1557
M-01-005 06 Dec 1999 340.954861 43.8303 -067.7225 340.999306 43.8012 -067.7045 0650 1554
M-01-006 08 Dec 1999 343.901389 42.4960 -067.0767 343.968056 42.4917 -067.0315 0647 1558
M-01-007 09 Dec 1999 343.593750 42.1225 -065.6850 343.643750 42.1300 -065.7062 0639 1551
M-01-008 09 Dec 1999 343.949306 42.4193 -066.5690 344.014583 42.3880 -066.6273 0643 1554
M-01-009 12 Dec 1999 346.709028 42.2397 -069.7793 346.754167 42.2732 -69.7692 0657 1607
M-01-010 12 Dec 1999 346.893056 42.1235 -069.6418 346.959028 42.1000 -69.6467 0657 1607

The MOCNESS samples were collected for ground-truthing and inter-comparisons between the acoustic and VPR data. Splits from the MOCNESS samples were preserved in formalin for quantitative studies and preserved in alcohol or frozen in liquid nitrogen for molecular studies of Calanus and Meganyctiphanes population genetics by Ann Bucklin (University of New Hampshire), diapause physiology by Patrick Hassett (University of Ohio) and Charles Miller (Oregon State University), and nitrogen stable isotope analysis by Karen Fisher (Cornell University).

All MOCNESS tows were conducted with ship speeds of 1.5 - 2.5 knots. The zero net was fished from the surface to within 10 m of the bottom where net 1 was opened. Sampling strata for nets 1 through 8 was dependent on water depth, generally, intervals of 25 m were sampled near the bottom and the surface, and remaining intervals ranged from 25 to 75 m. The down-cast (net 0) was fished at a wire speed of 15 m/minute, and the up-cast (nets 1-8) was hauled in at a speed of between 5 and 15 m/minute. From approximately 100 to 300 cubic meters of water were filtered for each of nets 1 through 8.

Samples were processed at sea in the following manner. The sample taken from net zero on all hauls was preserved in 95% ethanol for Ann Bucklin. Plankton samples from nets 1 through 8 were split with a box splitter. One-half split was preserved in 5-10% buffered formalin for silhouette analysis to ground-truth the acoustic and VPR data. The other half split was made up to 600 ml, and 100 ml were removed and preserved in 9% formalin for Charles Miller's life history studies. The remainder of the 600 ml was either sieved and spooned into ethanol for Ann Bucklin's genetic studies or placed into plastic bags and frozen for Patrick Hassett's diapause physiology studies. In addition, approximately 90 individual Meganyctiphanes specimens were picked out and frozen for Ann Bucklin's genetic studies of this species. Finally, one teaspoon was taken from each net from Haul 7 and frozen in liquid nitrogen for Karen Fisher's work.

3.1.3 Results

3.1.3.1 Broad-scale survey

3.1.3.1.1 Multi-frequency acoustics and Environmental Sensing System (ESS)

The multi-frequency acoustics, bio-optical (including VPR), and physical oceanographic data were collected during seven of eight deployments of BIOMAPER-II throughout the Gulf of Maine. The first deployment where data were collected was on the Southwestern end of Wilkinson Basin at 14:15 on 4 December. This data collection was ended 12:01 on 5 December to bring the vehicle on board to do a system check and to make sure nothing had come loose during the initial deployment. Three hours later, the vehicle was again deployed and the remainder of the trackline was completed about 0215 on 6 December. A total of about 147 nm of trackline were surveyed in Wilkinson Basin (Table 2).

The work in Jordan basin commenced about noon on 6 December with the third deployment of BIOMAPER-II and was completed without interruption about 30 hours later at 18:12 on 7 December just as a gale's full force came upon us. In spite of very rough seas and strong winds, bringing the fish on board was a piece of cake. Several of us (Jay, Charlie, Mari, Aaron, Fred) set up the air tugger lines on poles to get ready to snap hook the lines onto the fish once it was clear of the water. With the ship rolling some and pitching as it jogged into the sea at about 2 knots, Andy, on the controls, turned off the slack tensioner. He then hauled the wire in and the vehicle came up straight out of the water. The cable termination slid into the docking mechanism and the hook latched as it was designed to do. Immediately, he started the J-frame coming up and inboard. As BIOMAPER-II was lifted free of the water, several strong waves passed by raking the vehicle, but the docking mechanism held it secure and steady. Once clear of the water, the tugger lines were snap hooked onto the stainless steel side bars and pulled tight. Steadily, BIOMAPER-II came over the rail and once the frame was fully inboard, Andy pulled up on the cable, unlocked the latch and lowered BIOMAPER-II to the deck, all while the deck crew kept the tugger lines taut. The landing on the deck was smooth. The tugger lines were kept in place while the deck straps were put in place, holding BIOMAPER-II securely on the deck. The whole operation took only three or four minutes. A total of about 146 nm of trackline were surveyed in Jordan Basin.

With wind and seas finally abating, we steamed from Jordan Basin to Georges Basin arriving about 16:00. BIOMAPER-II was readied for deployment and the procedure started, but the hydraulics failed when the J-frame was engaged to boom-out. After a time-consuming set of checks, the problem, a hydraulic quick connect next to the control console had disconnected, was identified and fixed. A few minutes later BIOMAPER-II was in the water and starting the first towyo in Georges Basin about 18:39 on 8 December. It was brought on board a couple of hours later to check the VPR which quit working at a depth of about 289 m for a short period. The problem was not identified, but a 250 m depth limit for towyos was put in place to prevent a subsequent failure. The problem did not re-appear. The trackline, which included work out to the seaward entrance of the Northeast Channel, was completed at the western end of Georges Basin about 08:38 on 10 December. The work was actually cut short to allow time to run to Cape Cod Bay to avoid being in open water when an impending storm arrived in the area.

At about 13:00 on 11 December, while jogging into the seas during the height of the storm, we did a launch and recovery sequence in Cape Cod Bay with C. Greene taking digital movies of the sequence. The wind was howling and the seas were quite rough even though there was not much fetch in the bay. The sun was out from between the clouds and it was a very good day to demonstrate the performance of the BIOMAPER-II handling system. We shot scenes of the launch from several view points, then the action of the slack tensioner as the ship pitched into the sea, and finally, the recovery which went smoothly. Andy was on the controls and Charlie, Glenn, and Fred did most of the work with the lines and tuggers. All in all it went very well.

Table 2. Distance of BIOMAPER-II Trackline Sections on R/V ENDEAVOR Cruise 331 (4-13 December 1999)

Areakm nm
Wilkinson Basin 272.3 147.0
Jordan Basin 270.7 146.1
Georges Basin/NE Channel 333.3 180.0
Total 876.3 473.1

On Sunday (12 December), with winds diminishing and the seas rough but workable nearshore, we steamed to Massachusetts Bay to conduct combined optical and BIOMAPER-II operations beginning about 11:19 and ending about 14:37. Then, with continued diminishing winds and seas, we headed east out to deeper water in Wilkinson Basin where we conducted three special experiments.

BIOMAPER-II was deployed during the last light of the day about 16:40. Shortly after, the MOCNESS was launched and M. Benfield led the first of two towyo experiments comparing the VPR with the MOCNESS. The first consisted of a series of saw-toothed up and down towing trajectories between 30 and 20 meters with both instrument systems. Net 0 was fished to 30 m, and then seven nets were towyod in tandem with BIOMPAPER II. The last net (#8) towed from 20 meters to the surface.

An acoustics experiment consisted of a series of horizontal tows separated by oblique sections starting from near the surface and working in 25 meter steps down to about 200 m depth and then back up to the surface with the ship steaming at between 4 and 6 knots. Each horizontal run was 6 minutes. This experiment was designed to provide acoustic data set that could be used to evaluate the source or cause of enhanced volume backscattering within about 15 to 18 m of BIOMAPER-II (beyond the near field of the transducers). The experiment started about 18:20 and ended about 21:00 and took about 2.5 hours to complete.

The second towyo experiment comparing the VPR with MOCNESS was started about 21:30. The first net (#0) was fished down to 120 meters to collect live animals for shore based experiments and then the first net was opened at 30m and held open there for 6 minutes. BIOMAPER-II was then raised 2 meters followed by the raising of MOCNESS one minute later and the next net opened and fished for six minutes. This sequence was carried out for seven nets. With the completion of this experiment about 22:53, the instrument systems were brought on board, and secured for the trip back to Woods Hole.

The instrument systems on BIOMAPER-II worked well on this cruise. There were minor problems, but none caused a lot of down time or loss of substantial amounts of data. We finished the cruise as we started it with all sensor systems working.

Hydrographic results.

Throughout the Gulf of Maine, the temperature and salinity showed significant changes between October and December. The changes in surface temperature in the region from 13 to 14 C in October to under 10 C in December can be explained by Air/Sea interactions and surface layer mixing. The hydrography changes observed in Wilkinson Basin at deeper depths between October and December appeared to take place in the vicinity of the deepest bathymetric channel between Jordan and Georges into Wilkinson Basin which are near the middle to more southerly end of the Basin. The biggest changes in temperature at depth took place in the vicinity of that channel. The deeper changes would seem to require an advective exchange. The surface waters of Jordan Basin were substantially colder than in October while the deeper intermediate waters appeared warmer, although there was still a minimum zone in this part of the water column in most, but not all parts of the Basin surveyed. The bottom water also appeared slightly warmer than in October. Salinities in the surface layers were higher than in October, but somewhat lower at depth. Fluorescence values were much lower than in October with little enhancement in the surface mixed layer.

In Wilkinson Basin, the surface layer (0 to ~80 m) had temperatures of between 8.5 and 9.2 C. There was a pronounced subsurface temperature minimum zone in the western and northern portions of the basin between 100 and 170 m with minimum temperatures ranging between 6.4 and 7 C. Near bottom temperatures increased to between 7.6 and 8 C. Salinities increased monotonically from 32.7 PSU at the surface to the bottom of the mixed layer until reaching maximum values about 34.2 PSU at the bottom of the basin (~ 250 m). But in the eastern side of the basin, the vertical temperature profile was substantially different with temperatures as warm as 9.5 C between 100 and 160 m and salinities in this portion of the water column were approximately 0.4 PSU higher than in the other areas. This water appeared to be entering the basin from the east and replacing the colder fresher water that had been in Wilkinson Basin previously.

The surface temperature structure of Jordan Basin was warmer than Wilkinson Basin with values ranging between 9.5 to 9.8 C. The surface layer structure was variable and the thermocline started between 100 and 120 m. Salinities increased monotonically from the surface to the bottom in the northern portions of the basin with values running from 33.5 at the surface to 34.5 near the bottom. But for other parts of the basin there were two regions of nearly constant salinity, one running from the surface to ~75 m and the second running from 100 to 180 m. This latter zone coincided with a subsurface temperature minimum zone with a temperature of about 8.2C. Temperatures then increased to the bottom where values ranged between 9.2 and 9.5 C.

In Georges Basin, the surface layer temperatures (0 to 80 m) were similar to Jordan Basin (9.4 - 9.9 C) and (33.4 - 33.5 PSU). Unlike the other basins there was either a vertically narrow temperature minimum zone (~8C) at 100 m or a subsurface temperature maximum zone with maximum temperatures around 11 C at 120 m. Salinities were nearly constant to depths of ~70 m and then increased monitonically to about 150 m. Whereas below 200 m, the bottom temperatures became nearly constant to the bottom and had temperatures between 8.7 and 8.9 C, salinity (~35 PSU) became nearly constant to the bottom starting about 150 m . At the entrance to the Northeast Channel to the south of Georges Basin, the subsurface temperature maximum was shallower (between 60 and 100 m) and then temperature dropped off monitonically reaching values around 5.7 C at 320 m. Salinity at this site was fresher in the upper 50 m (~32.6 PSU), increased monitonically down to about 150 m and then became nearly constant at about 35 PSU down to 320 m.

In summary, throughout the Gulf of Maine, the temperature and salinity fields showed significant changes between October and December. The changes in surface temperature in the region from13 to 14 C in October to under 10 C in December can be explained by Air/Sea interactions and surface layer mixing. The hydrographic changes observed in Wilkinson Basin at deeper depths between October and December appeared to take place in the vicinity of the deepest bathymetric channel between Jordan and Georges into Wilkinson Basin which are near the middle to more southerly end of the Basin. The biggest changes in temperature at depth took place in the vicinity of that channel. The deeper changes would seem to require an advective exchange. The surface waters of Jordan Basin were substantially colder than in October while the deeper intermediate waters appeared warmer, although there was still a minimum zone in this part of the water column in most, but not all parts of the Basin surveyed. The bottom water also appeared slightly warmer than in October. Salinities in the surface layers were higher than in October, but somewhat lower at depth. Fluorescence values were much lower than in October with little enhancement in the surface mixed layer. Thus, the Gulf of Maine basins seemed to have continued the state of transition from one in which the deeper portions of the basins were filled with relatively cold and fresh water (of "cold Labrador Slope Water") as exemplified by the remnant properties found in Wilkinson Basin, to the more recent common state in which the basins were filled with relatively warm and salty water (of "warm Atlantic Slope Water" origin). The latter were best exemplified by the properties found in Georges Basin.

Some preliminary acoustic findings.

There was a clear diel migration pattern in all three basins just after sunset and in most of the basins just before sunrise as was evident during the October 1999 cruise (EN330). The migration pattern usually showed up best on the 43 kHz transducersr and least well on the 420 kHz transducers. A typical example is the very first set of echograms taken on Year Day 338 at the start of the cruise. On the 43 kHz echogram, the daytime layer, centered about 125 to 150 meters, made a continuous upward movement starting about 1612 and ending by about 1648. The pattern of migration was also evident on the 120 and 200 kHz, but it was much more subtle relative to other layers that did not seem to move. In Wilkinson Basin, heaviest scattering in the 120, 200, and 420 kHz frequencies was in the upper 100 meters with the near surface clearing out some during the day and being filled in by night. Below 100 m, the scattering was much less intense. The 43 kHz data showed strong scattering in patches just above the bottom extending up some 25 meters during the first portion of the night after the migration layer had gone to the surface. The higher frequencies also showed evidence for enhanced scattering very near the bottom relative to the 25 to 50 m above the bottom in those same areas, but it was much less intensive.

The problem seen on previous cruises that concerns the enhanced backscattering that is observed on towyos as BIOMAPER-II passed through the 100 to 150 m depth zone where the pycnocline resides was again seen on this cruise. While it has still not been resolved, data collected in an intense internal wave feature at the end of the towyos in Jordan Basin may have provided some important clues as to its origin. As on past BIOMAPER-II cruises, this pattern in a zone 10 to 15 m beyond the near field zone of the upward and down-looking 43, 120, and 200 kHz transducers was clearly evident on most of the towyos on this cruise. Before this fall's work, we rearranged the positions of the transducers to eliminate reflection between transducer pairs and put additional backing on the transducers to prevent back sound transmission to eliminate the possibility that backscattering out the rear of the transducers was causing the problem. After the October cruise, we speculated that the problem might have been related to pressure deforming the face of the transducers and affecting near-field, since backscattering out the rear of the transducers seemed to have been eliminated. Based on the pattern of backscatter above and below BIOMAPER-II as it obliquely cut across the internal wave train during a towyo, we now think the enhanced backscattering may be due to coherent scattering off of micro/turbulence structures associated with the rapid changes in temperature, salinity, and density in the waves. These structures may also occur in pycnoclines where the enhanced scattering has often been observed. The echo integration computation assumes that backscattering is incoherent, coming from randomly distributed scatterers. If the structures scattering sound are large relative to the beam width of the transducer and homogeneous, the scattering will be coherent and will produce a signal larger than expected based on the echo integration algorithms. This idea is supported by the experiment done at the end of the cruise where a stepped oblique tow was done to see if the enhanced backscattering only occurred while lowering or raising BIOMAPER-II throughout the water column and not when the vehicle was being towed horizontally at a given depth. Enhanced backscattering was observed in specific parts of the water column during both procedures. Further analyses are planned to demonstrate the phenomena.

3.1.3.2 Zooplankton characterization from MOCNESS samples

Observations made by looking at the preserved samples while still on the ship provide a qualitative look at the plankton in the MOCNESS samples (Appendix V). Volumes of water filtered were not considered, and a minimal amount of microscopic analysis was employed, making these observations quite rough. Calanus finmarchicus was very abundant in both Wilkinson and Jordan Basin, mainly in deep water (below 100 m). In Georges Basin, Calanus was not quite as abundant at the deepest depths (near 300 m), but they were still quite abundant in Tow #8 at depths between 175 m and 275 m. Tow #6, conducted in Northeast Channel contained comparatively few Calanus. The samples were dominated by Metridia. Also, in all tows, samples from the surface 2 or 3 nets (above 100 m, but mainly above 50 m) were dominated by smaller copepods. The most abundant smaller copepod species observed was Centropages spp. However, a cursory microscopic observation showed that several other small species were present, including Temora sp., Oithona sp., and Pseudocalanus sp. In terms of large predatory copepods, Candacia armata was observed occasionally, and Euchaeta norvegica was observed to be common in all basins. The latter species was, perhaps, most abundant in Wilkinson Basin, and, while it was found in the deepest depths during both day and night tows, it was more often found in the surface waters during nighttime tows.

The dominant euphausiid caught in our tows was Meganychtiphanes norvegica. This species was found in substantial numbers in all three basins. It tended to be more abundant near the surface during the night and at lower depths during the day. Although an occasional Stylocheiron was observed in Jordan Basin, the greatest euphausiid diversity was seen in Georges Basin. Other species observed there included Nematoscelis sp., Euphausia sp., and Thysanoessa sp.

Themisto gaudichaudi was found universally, ranging dramatically in size. Largest individuals were found in Georges Basin. Smaller individuals tended to be closer to the surface. In addition to Themisto, a few Phronima were found in Georges Basin. Limacina was present in all three basins in small numbers. They were most abundant in Tow #7 from Northeast Channel. Some individuals were placed in large plastic containers to transport back to the lab alive for Scott Gallager. Ostracods were not as abundant as compared to the October cruise (EN330), however, they were found in all basins, most abundantly in Georges Basin. Siphonophores were found in all tows, but were hard to quantify because they were damaged while sampling. A few unidentified fish larvae were found at all stations, and several Myctophids were caught in Georges Basin.

The last two MOCNESS Tows (Tows 9 and 10) were done as part of a study comparing VPR data to MOCNESS data in Wilkinson Basin. The MOCNESS and the VPR were towed simultaneously from 0-30m and then tow-yowed from 20-30m. Nets were tripped every 6 minutes. These samples appeared to contain organisms similar to those we had previously seen in surface nets, but the abundances varied quite dramatically between nets.

3.2 Ancillary Project: Spatio-Temporal Variability of Bio-Optical Properties in the Gulf of Maine

Principal Investigator: H.M. Sosik (WHOI)

3.2.1 Introduction

The optical properties of coastal waters are influenced by a variety of materials and processes. Inherent optical properties (e.g., absorption and scattering coefficients) depend strongly on local production of phytoplankton and other optically-significant particles, but are also influenced by advection of constituents, such as dissolved organic material of terrigenous origin, and other processes such as resuspension of bottom sediments. Our objectives are to determine important sources and scales of optical variability by observing distributions of inherent and apparent optical properties in both space and time. Separately assessing particulate and dissolved material properties and making spectral measurements (which can be used to characterize broad classes of material) will allow this to be accomplished. The work conducted on this cruise is part of a larger program supported by the Office of Naval Research and which includes measurements made from a vertically-profiling mooring, a towed vehicle (BIOMAPER-II), earth-orbiting satellites (SeaWiFS, AVHRR, etc.), and research vessels conducting conventional station surveys.

3.2.2 Methods

Several bio-optical sensors were deployed on BIOMAPER-II. These included two ac-9 dual-path spectral absorption and attenuation meters (Wet Labs, Inc.), as well as a spectral downwelling irradiance sensor (OCI-200 series, Satlantic, Inc.), a spectral upwelling radiance sensor (OCR-200 series, Satlantic, Inc.), and a HydroScat-6 spectral backscattering sensor (HOBI Labs, Inc. - Appendix VI). One of the ac-9's measured whole-water properties and the other was configured with an in-line 0.2 m water filter to assess absorption by dissolved material; particulate absorption will be determined by difference between total and dissolved. The instruments were configured with matching wavelength bands selected to cover the visible spectrum and to reflect those on the SeaWiFS ocean color sensor [ac-9's: 412, 440, 488, 510, 532, 555, 650, 676, 715 nm; radiometers: 412, 443, 490, 510, 555, 665, 683 nm; HydroScat: 442, 488, 532, 589, 620, 671;]. The data acquisition system (designed and assembled at WHOI) for these instruments is based on a subsurface PC-104 and includes 2 serial ports, a 16-channel/16-bit A/D converter, an 8 MB flash disk, and an Ethernet adapter for communication with the BIOMAPER-II Lantastic network. Through network access, this system allows storage of data files on a desktop PC aboard the ship. The PC-104 and Hydroscat-6 were both powered from the "spare power" circuit on BIOMAPER-II. In addition to the measurements made from BIOMAPER-II, continuous logging of surface spectral irradiance was also carried out with a spectral downwelling irradiance sensor (MVDS, Satlantic, Inc.) connected to the same PC.

Prior to this cruise, a new data logging system was implemented for the Hydroscat-6. The Hydroscat-6 supports RS-232 communication, both for programming and real time data transmission. It was operated in this mode and connected to the BIOMAPER-II Ethernet using a new Lantronix Micro Serial Server (model #MSS100). This server, which allows a serial device to be connected to a TCP/IP network, was installed in the BIOMAPER-II power/telemetry bottle. The server was powered from the same "spare power" as the rest of the optical sensors and assigned an IP address on the BIOMAPER-II network. Using software provided by Lantronix , a serial port on a PC in the BIOMAPER-II van was "re-directed" to the remote MSS100. This allowed direct communication with the Hydroscat-6 from the shipboard PC, using either the data logging software provided by HOBILabs or a terminal program such as HyperTerminal. For routine data logging, we used the "capture to file" feature in HyperTerminal since the plot updating in the HOBILabs program consumed too much computer memory during extended logging. Data files were manually opened and closed at intervals of several hours. The new system performed very well, eliminating the need to download data files from the Hydroscat internal memory (as was done on cruise EN330) and providing immediate access to data, as well as confirmation that data was being logged. Approximately 6 times during the cruise, we experienced unexplained disruption in communication between the shipboard PC and the serial server, resulting in periods of data loss. Repeated attempts by the re-director software to reconnect to the server failed and we were only able to resolve the problem by cycling power to the serial server.

Sampling conducted on the cruise also included water collection and measurements of downwelling irradiance and upwelling radiance with a tethered, free-fall vertical profiling radiometer (SPMR/SMSR system, Satlantic, Inc.) deployed away from the ship. This work was conducted as close to mid-day as possible on five days of the cruise. Water samples were collected for pigment analysis and for estimation of light absorption by particulate and dissolved material. Pigment samples were collected on Whatman GF/F filters and extracted in 90% acetone for fluorometric estimation of chlorophyll a and phaeopigment concentrations. Spectrophotometric determinations of particle absorption were made on freshly filtered samples (GF/F filters) before and after extraction of phytoplankton pigments with methanol, and dissolved absorption was measured on 0.2 m filtrate in 10-cm cuvettes. These spectra were acquired with 1 nm resolution between 300 and 800 nm. At all stations water samples also were collected and frozen or preserved for several other types of post-cruise analysis, including determination of macro-nutrient concentrations, flow cytometric measurement of individual particle optical properties, and microscopic identification of phytoplankton.

The vertically profiling radiometer deployed at mid-day CTD stations has the same spectral bands as the optical heads on BIOMAPER-II. The system also includes a subsurface reference sensor (spectral downwelling irradiance at 30-cm depth). Vertical profiles were conducted within 2 hours of local apparent noon, immediately prior to or immediately after the CTD/water sampling casts.

Underway measurements with a Fast Repetition Rate Fluorometer (FastTracka FRRF, Chelsea Instruments) also were made in flow-through mode using the ship's uncontaminated seawater throughout the cruise duration. This instrument allows the photosynthetic physiology of phytoplankton to be measured rapidly and non-invasively. Dark-adapted measurements of variable fluorescence yield, the functional absorption cross-section for photosystem II reaction centers, and the turnover time for electron transport were made.

3.2.3 Preliminary Results

Optical data were successfully collected from the BIOMAPER-II during the deep basin surveys and during two shallow tow-yos in Massachusetts Bay. Initial processing of ac-9 data collected in the deep basins showed spatial variations in scattering and absorption coefficients associated with water column structure. Highest values were found near the bottom and in conjunction with a phytoplankton-dominated layer in the upper 100 m. In the surface layer, absorption and scattering coefficients were much higher in Wilkinson Basin than in Jordan or Georges Basins. Backscattering coefficients measured by the Hydroscat-6 were consistently highest near the bottom and were elevated throughout the water column in Wilkinson Basin relative to Jordan and Georges Basins.

Approximately 35 water samples were analyzed for pigment and high spectral resolution absorption coefficients. Water was collected from 6 depths selected from throughout the water column on 6 CTD/rosette casts. Pigment concentrations and particle absorption coefficients were relatively low even in surface waters, with the high absorption and scattering coefficients found only intermittently near the bottom. The free-fall radiometer was successfully deployed at 4 stations with 2-3 replicate vertical profiles conducted during each deployment. Casts with the radiometer covers in place were also carried out to allow correction for temperature dependence of dark values. These data will be analyzed to determine vertical profiles of diffuse attenuation coefficients and remote-sensing reflectance. Throughout the entire cruise observations were collected with the FRR fluorometer. Preliminary results show relatively high photosystem II efficiency, mostly indicative of nutrient-replete phytoplankton growth.

4.0 CRUISE PARTICIPANTS

4.1 Scientific personnel

1. Charles Greene Cornell University(Chief Scientist)
2. Karen Fisher Cornell University
3. Mark Benfield Louisiana State University
4. Peter Wiebe Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
5. Ru Morrison Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
6. Mari Butler Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
7. Heidi Sosik Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
8. Ann Canaday Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
9. Joseph Warren Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
10. Andrew Girard Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
11. Andone Lavery Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
12. Sara Smolenack University of New Hampshire
13. Greg Katcoff Worcester Polytechnic Institute
14. Tom Orvosh University of Rhode Island
15. Philip Cootey Unattached
16. Robert Fisher Unattached
17. Aaron Wiebe Unattached

4.2 Ship's officers and crew

1. Rhett McMunn Captain
2. Bill Appleton Chief Engineer
3. Fred Curtis AB Seaman
4. Steve Vetra First Mate
5. Tom Hickey Assistant Engineer
6. Glen Prouty AB Seaman
7. Dick Foley Second Mate
8. Tim Varney Assistant Engineer
9. Jay St. Germain AB Seaman
10. Charlie Baker Bos'n
11. Dan Butler Steward
12. Mike Butler Messman

Appendix I. R/V/ ENDEAVOR Cruise 331 Event Log.

Appendix II. R/V ENDEAVOR Cruise 331 Acoustic Log.

Tag Day Local Time Tape   HTI   ESS   Lat   Lon    
# # hr min DAT s/e filename s/e filename s/e degrees minutes degrees minutes Comments
  338 14 32 01 s S3381432 s BM2_001 s 42 04.950 69 43.330 ESS started a little before DAT tape
  338 14 36     S3381436 s             .vew was messed, restart HTI sounder
  338 16 01                     SB pumps on
1WBWE1 338 16 20                   start towyo 1WBWE1
  338 16 34 01 e         42 05.090 69 38.140 end DAT tape
  338 16 35 02 s         42 05.090 69 38.090 start new DAT dape
  338 17 30           42 05.080 69 32.660 bottom of towyo number 1 205 m
1WBWE2 338 18 15           42 05.060 69 27.410 top of towyo. Surface at 4.1m (pressure). Start towyo 1WBWE2
  338 18 36 02 e         42 05.090 69 24.990 change tape
  338 18 36 03 s         42 05.090 69 24.870 change tape
  338 18 59 03 e         42 05.050 69 22.280 change tape @7:00pm=12:00Ght
  338 19 00 04 s         42 05.050 69 22.250 hold BIOMAPER-II @ 27m above the bottom during tape change
  339 19 03           42 05.050 69 21.850 bottom of towyo at20m(191m) above bottom
1WBWE3 338 19 35                   top of towyo at 5.0m. Start towyo 1WBWE3*
1WBSN1 338 20 05                   hold @ approx. 120 m during turn. towyo now called 2WBSN1*
  338 20 22             42 06.510 69 14.620 bottom of towyo at 20m (170 m) above bottom
  338 21 00 04 e         42 09.530 69 14.760 top of towyo at 3.9 m
  338 21 02 05 s               change tapes.
1WBSN2 338 21 04     S3382104 e/s BM2_002 e/s 42 10.030 69 14.760 start towo 2WBSN2
  338 21 48             42 13.300 69 14.900 bottom of towyo at 20m (198 m) above bottom
  338 22 22             42 16.200 69 15.270 top of towyo at 5 m. start turn.
  338 22 28             42 16.300 69 15.850 start aborted towyo
  338 22 42             42 16.180 69 17.620 end aborted towyo. start MOCNESS tow w/ BIOMAPER-II @ 5 m.
  338 23 03 06 e/s         42 16.010 69 18.600 change tapes.
3WBEW1 339 00 20             42   69   3WBEW1 TOWYO DOWN
  339 00 54             42 15.661 69 25.740 3WBEW1 TOWYO UP from 177m/207 deep
  339 00 54     S3390054 s     42 15.690 69 25.740 NEW ACOUSTICS FILE
  339 00 57                 partial dropout on upward 120
  339 01 06 07 e/s         42 15.610 69 27.200 change tapes.
3WBEW2 339 01 35             42 15.520 69 30.700 3WBEW2 TOWYO DOWN
  339 02 14             42 15.461 69 35.580 3WBEW2 TOWYO UP from 200/230 m deep
  339 02 47             42 15.310 69 39.230 3WBEW3 TOWYO DOWN from surface
  339 03 09 08 e/s         42 15.294 69 41.860 change tapes.
3WBEW3 339 03 19             42 15.224 69 43.090 3WBEW3 TOWYO UP from 207/235m, 507 m wire out
  339 03 22         BM2_002 e     (header not changed in file)
  339 03 23         BM2_003 s 42 15.219 69 43.670 New ESS file
  339 03 50                 refrad and sos going, after file check on bio-optics
  339 03 56             42 15.127 69 47.370 SURFACE
  339 03 58                 WINCH RESTART due to diagnostic error light
4WBSN1 339 03 59             42 15.198 69 47.770 slow descent for TURN 4WBSN1
  339 04 15             42 15.039 69 49.810 parking at 56 meters for delayed turn (ship boxed in)
  339 04 30             42 15.184 69 51.480 restart downward towyo
  339 04 39     S3390403 e/s     42 15.580 69 51.380 new acoustics file s3390403
  339 05 00             42 18.240 69 50.920 bottom of towyo @ 198.0m
  339 05 11 09 e/s         42 18.970 69 50.880 start RTVPR and tape 009
5WBWE1 339 05 38             42 21.250 69 50.850 top of towyo. finished w/ 4WBSN1. start 5WBWE1.
  339 06 02             42 23.330 69 50.620 hold BIOMAPER-II @95.2m for ships turn
  339 06 22             42 24.818 69 49.820 continuing towyo going down
  339 06 53             42 24.989 69 46.550 bottom of towyo @ 25.0m (240.7m) above bottom
5WBWE2 339 07 14 10 e/s         42 25.055 69 44.450 change tapes
  339 7 35                   top of towyo. end 5WBWE1. start 5WBWE2.
  339 08 16             42 25.090 69 37.590 bottom of towyo at 20m (240 m) above bottom
5WBWE3 339 08 59             42 25.040 69 32.560 top of towyo. sensor in air. finished w/ 5WBWE2. start 5WBWE3.
  339 09 16 11 e/s         42 25.040 69 30.380 change tapes.
  339 09 42             42 25.040 69 27.560 bottom of towyo at 20m (232 m) above bottom
5WBWE4 339 10 20             42 25.070 69 23.160 top of towyo. sensor below surface. finished w/ 5WBWE3. start 5WBWE4.
  339 11 00         42 25.000 69 18.810 bottom of towyo; fish at 227 m; 25 above bottom
  339 11 18 12 e/s         42 24.990 69 16.740 change tapes.
  339 11 40             42 24.970 69 14.100 top of towyo. sensor below surface finished w/ 5WBWE4.
  339 11 44 12 e S3390403 e BM2_003 e 42 24.950 69 13.590 tapes off.
  339 15 05             42 24.870 69 14.610 BIOMAPER-II deployed
  339 15 10     s3391510 s     42 25.546 69 14.890 restarted BIOMAPER-II
  339 15 16         BMP_004 s 42 25.546 69 14.890 ess started
  339 15 17 13 s         42 25.630 69 14.890 start tapes
  339 15 19             42 25.630 69 14.890 to 10m and back
6WBSN1 339 15 23             42 26.350 69 14.890 6WBSN1 towyo down
  339 16 01             42 29.230 69 14.940 towyo bottom 208/235m 454m wire out
6WBSN2 339 16 41             42 32.780 69 14.980 top of towyo. finished w/ 6WBSN1. start 6WBSN2.
  339 16 42             42 32.810 69 14.980 going down
  339 17 04             42 34.827 69 14.970 BIOMAPER-II @ 95 for ships turn
  339 17 10             42 35.080 69 15.340 continue downward towyo
  339 17 18 14 e/s         42 35.105 69 16.190 new tape #14
  339 17 37             42 35.080 69 18.430 bottom of towyo 205/225m
  339 17 40             42 35.070 69 18.850 discovered that dat tape wasn't recording. nothing on oscilloscope. restarted
7WBEW1 339 18 15             42 35.090 69 22.960 top of towyo. finished w/ 6WBSN2. start 7WBEW1.
  339 18 59 14 e         42 35.130 69 28.140 end#14
  339 19 00 15 s         42 35.130 69 28.210 start#15
  339 19 04             42 35.130 69 28.680 bottom of towyo 217/238 m
7WBEW2 339 19 39             42 35.770 69 31.910 top of towyo. finished with 7WBEW1. start 7WBEW2.
  339 20 27             42 35.050 69 38.530 bottom of towyo 240/260 m. Bio-Eng crash.
  339 21 03 15 e         42 35.060 69 42.730 Remove tape 15
  339 21 09     S3391510 e BM2_004 e 42 35.050 69 43.530 top of towyo. finished with 7WBEW2.
  339 21 20         BM2_005 s 42 35.050 69 44.790 restart Bio-Eng and BIOMAPER-II
7WBEW3 339 21 22 16 s s3392122 e/s     42 35.030 69 45.150 start 7WBEW3. towyo down.
  339 22 00             42 34.990 69 49.360 bottom of towyo 235/260 m.
  339 22 32             42 34.940 69 52.910 BIOMAPER-II @ 25 m for turn.
  339 22 36                 turn complete. up to 10 m. end 7WBEW3.
8WBSN1 339 22 39             42 35.460 69 53.130 top of towyo. start 8WBSN1.
  339 23 16             42 38.590 69 52.060 bottom of towyo 220/245 m.
  339 23 24 17 e/s             TAPE CHANGE
8WBSN2 340 00 03             42 42.183 69 50.900 top of towyo @ 5 meters
  340 00 15             42 42.129 69 50.392 Turning around at 50 m
MOC 340 00 27             42 42.880 69 50.230 Surface for MOCNESS tow at N end
  340 01 26 18 e/s         42 41.460 69 50.640 change tapes.
  340 02 02 18 e S3392122 e BM2_005 e 42 40.131 69 50.870 end files
  340 02 02             42 40.131 69 50.870 SHUTDOWN
  340 12 16 19 s S3401216 s BM2_006 s 43 19.300 68 00.150 Power up BMP @ 5 meters for MOC
  340 14 17 20 e/s         43 16.550 68 00.490 change tapes; light station
  340 15 07   S3401216 e     43 16.470 67 59.580 end HTI
  340 15 07   S3401507 s     43 16.470 67 59.580 start HTI
  340 15 15         BM2_007 s 43 16.470 67 59.580 End ESS File
1JBSN1 340 15 15           43 16.470 67 59.580 Start Towyo 1JBSN1
  340 16 03             43 20.630 67 59.520 Bottom of towyo at 212m, 30m above bottom. Depth 242m.
  340 16 20 20 e         43 21.280 67 58.980 end tape
  340 16 20 21 s         43 21.870 67 58.950 start tape
1JBSN2 340 16 40             43 23.690 67 58.050 surface @ 5m top of towyo. start 1JBSN2
  340 16 45     S3401645 s     43 24.210 67 57.800 new files
  340 17 24             43 27.760 67 56.050 bottom of towyo 220/250m depth 30m
  340 17 56             43 30.662 67 54.600 data drop out on 200khz (upward looking)
  340 18 05             43 31.711 67 54.090 top of towyo (park @5m to remove seaweed)
1JBSN3 340 18 08             43 31.770 67 54.090 BIOMAPER-II starting down on towyo
  340 18 22 21 e         43 32.995 67 53.440 stop tape 21
  340 18 22 22 s         43 33.011 67 53.430 start tape 22
  340 18 56             43 36.036 67 51.970 Bottom of towyo at 217m, Depth 247m.
  340 18 56   S3401645 e     43 36.145 67 51.920 close file
  340 18 56   S3401856 s     43 36.169 67 51.910 start file
  340 18 59 22 e         43 36.382 67 51.800 stop tape 22
  340 19 00 23 s         43 36.400 67 51.790 start tape 23
1JBSN4 340 19 36             43 39.700 67 50.110 Top of towyo. Start new towyo. Pressure at 4.9m.
  340 20 18             43 43.570 67 48.180 Bottom of towyo at 195m, Depth 217m.
1JBSN5 340 20 51             43 46.240 67 46.890 top of towyo @ 5m. start towyo
  340 20 52     S3402052 e/s     43 46.380 67 46.840 new HTI file
  340 21 02 24 e/s               change tapes
  340 21 19             43 48.710 67 45.670 bottom of towyo 205/227 m
  340 21 35                   BIOMAPER-II @ 90 m, turning east to avoid fishing gear
  340 21 47             43 49.980 67 43.550 top of towyo @ 10 m. start MOCNESS
  340 23 08 25 e/s S3402308 e/s           MOCNESS complete.start new HTI file, tapes
2JBWE1 340 23 13             43 77.690 67 41.840 start towyo 2JBWE1 from end of MOCNESS tow
  340 23 47             43 47.380 67 38.080 bottom of towyo 205/227 m
3JBNS1 341 00 22             43 46.840 67 33.990 top of towyo @ 5 meters, turning to South around GEAR 3JBNS1
  341 01 03             43 42.981 67 33.950 bottom of towyo 206/236 meters, 476 m wire out
  341 01 05 26 e/s         43 42.760 67 33.940
3JBNS2 341 01 42     S3402308 e           top of towyo @5.5 meters 3JBNS2
  341 01 42     S3410143 s BM2_007 e 43 39.420 67 35.450 redo files
  341 01 44         BM2_008 s       new ESS
  341 02 22             43 36.260 67 37.900 bottom of towyo 34 meters above variable bottom
  341 02 57             43 33.179 67 40.180 top of towyo @ 5 meters; tending toward ship near surface 3JBNS3
3JBNS3 341 03 07 26 e               end tape
  341 03 08 27 s         43 32.220 67 40.880 tape changes; new tape
  341 03 31             43 30.370 67 42.290 bottom of towyo @ 200/230 meters, 468 m wire out
  341 03 55                   one complete scan drop out on the 420 upward looking transducer
3JBNS4 341 04 08             43 27.450 67 44.470 top of towyo @5.1 meters. Start new towyo.3JBNS4
  341 04 51             43 24.160 67 46.920 bottom of towyo. 230/260m
  341 04 51     S3410143 e     43 24.130 67 46.950 new HTI file at bottom of towyo.
  341 04 52     S3410452 s     43 24.120 67 46.950 new HTI file.
  341 05 09 27 e         43 22.730 67 09.400 stop tape 27
  341 05 09 28 s         43 22.730 67 47.500 start tape 28
  341 05 42             43 20.300 67 49.180 hold at 15m while making the turn.
4JBWE1 341 05 43             43 20.310 67 49.060 turn completed. Start new towyo.
  341 06 08           43 20.153 67 44.120 bottom of towyo @240m/271.2m
5JBSN1 341 07 06             43 20.090 67 39.150 top of towyo. Ship turning on to new leg
  341 07 11 28 e         43 20.610 67 38.950 stop tape 28
  341 07 11 29 s         43 20.610 67 38.950 start tape 29
  341 07 15     S3410719 e/s     43 21.360 67 38.590 accidently rebooted acoustic computer
  341 07 48             43 24.017 67 37.280 bottom of towyo @200 m/235 m
5JBSN2 341 08 23             43 27.420 67 35.700 top of towyo @ 6.8 meters. Start new towyo.
  341 09 00             43 31.200 67 33.930 bottom of towyo @202m/226 m
  341 09 15 30 e/s         43 32.410 67 33.350 change tapes. DAT had run out.
5JBSN3 341 09 42             43 34.880 67 32.180 top of towyo @ 3.4 m. sensor out. start new towyo.
  341 09 47     s3410947 e/s     43 35.260 67 31.990 new HTI file.
  341 10 20             43 38.280 67 30.560 bottom of towyo @ 205 m/229 m
  341 10 50                   deviation from course to avoid fishing gear.
5JBSN4 341 11 07         BM2_009 e/s 43 42.200 67 28.940 top of towyo @ 3.4 m. sensor out. start new towyo.
  341 11 01             43 41.760 67 29.170 top of towyo @ 3.4 m. sensor out. start new towyo.
  341 11 13 31 e/s         43 43.130 67 28.530 change tapes.
  341 11 36             43 44.660 67 27.750 bottom of towyo @ 195 m/218 m
  341 12 12             43 47.460 67 26.260 top of towyo, back down to 10 meters for CTD
  341 12 23     S3410947 e     43 47.440 67 25.940 end HTI
  341 12 23     S3411223 s     43 47.440 67 25.940 new HTI file.
6JBNS1 341 13 06         43 46.320 67 24.810 Towyo down from 6JBNS1 after CTD
  341 13 08               fixed radio to get transmission from bridge
  341 13 19 31 e         43 45.027 67 24.800 change tapes.
  341 13 20 32 s               tape change
  341 13 34                   Towyo at 182/207m, 368 wire out
6JBNS2 341 14 01             43 40.790 67 24.860 Top of towyo at surface; start 6JBNS2
  341 14 36             43 37.270 67 24.890 bottom of towyo @ 192/217m, 420 m wire out
6JBNS3 341 15 07             43 34.190 67 25.000 top of towyo, begin 6JBNS3
  341 15 22 32 e         43 32.640 67 25.010 tape change.
  341 15 22 33 s         43 32.640 67 25.010 new tape
  341 15 30                 start slow turn
  341 15 39             43 31.390 67 23.960 BIOENG error #70 recovered without restart-- permission denied
  341 15 45                   Nifty wave at 100 meters, near thermocline
  341 15 47             43 31.270 67 22.070 bottom of towyo
  341 16 03             43 31.060 67 20.750 Drop out on all 10 ducers
7JBWE1 341 16 18             43 30.840 67 18.530 top of towyo @ 8m
  341 16 55             43 30.400 67 13.560 Bottom of towyo 191.4/221.4m
  341 17 20             43 29.920 67 08.970 Top of towyo.
  341 17 24 34 e/s         43 29.960 67 06.680 Stop tape 33 and start tape 34
  341 17 46     S3411223 e BM2_009 e       ends of tapes and files
  341 17 49       BM2_010 s 43 29.910 67 08.860 Computer Crash 17:48 ESS + SONAR
  341 17 57     S3411756 s     43 30.050 67 09.280 Restart
  341 18 05 34 e         43 30.280 67 09.480 Pull BIOMAPER-II . Power Down.
  341 18 06     S3411756 e BM2_010 e 43 30.300 67 09.480 End ESS and HTI files.
  341 18 12     BMP out for storm
  342 18 39 35 s S3421841 s BM2_011 s 42 29.530 67 19.840 BIOMAPER-II in the water start HTI ESS
1GBWE1 342 18 46             42 29.530 67 19.230 Start down with first towyo in GB
  342 19 00 35 e         42 29.540 67 17.390 Tape change at 00.00 GMT
  342 19 01 36 s         42 29.540 67 17.160 start new DAT tape
  342 19 45             42 29.590 67 12.290 bottom of towyo @ 289 m/330 m
  342 19 54             42 29.560 67 11.560 return to 289 m to test vpr
OUT 342 20 42             42 29.640 67 06.180 biomapper 10 meters prepare for recovery
  342 20 49             42 29.640 67 05.470 shutting down HTI file
  342 20 50 36 e               ess powered down stop DAT tape 36
  342 20 51                   stop VPR tape 36
  342 20 52     S3421841 e BM2_011 e       Shut down EMS Exit Bio_Eng
IN 342 21 28         BM2_012 s 42 29.760 67 04.700 Biomapper deployed start HTI and ess
  342 21 33 37 s s3422134 s     42 29.760 67 04.700 Start acoustics tape 37
  342 22 02                   Blue screen of death on HTI ACQ
  342 22 12     S3422210 e/s           HTI back on line; new file
  342 22 50                   vertical lines in echogram windows
1GBWE2 342 23 33                   begin towyo moc is recovered; fish @ 15m; begin 1GBWE2
  342 23 37 37 e         42 29.300 66 59.710 end tape 37
  342 23 37 38 s         42 29.300 66 59.710 start new DAT tape
  343 00 25             42 29.420 66 54.690 bottom of towyo 245/285m 568 wire out
  343 00 52                 drop out 120 downward looking
1GBWE3 343 01 04     S3432210 e     42 29.475 66 49.910 new HTI and top of towyo; begin 1GBWE3
  343 01 06     S3430106 s         time base 1 minute off GPS; should resync soon ! (ag)
  343 01 38 38 e             tape change.
  343 01 39 39 s         42 29.550 66 45.810 tape change.
  343 01 44             42 29.510 66 45.320 37 meters off bottom at 289; 600 meters wire out
1GBWE4 343 02 26             42 29.690 66 39.780 top of towyo; begin 1GBWE4
  343 03 12             42 29.730 66 33.620 bottom of towyo at 246 m, 32.4 meters off bottom
  343 03 41 40 e/s         42 29.740 66 29.860 tape change.
1GBWE5 343 03 54             42 29.780 66 28.070 top of towyo ; begin 1GBWE5
  343 04 01     s3430106 e     42 29.810 66 27.400 lost connection to DES-cycling sonar
  343 04 03     s3430403 s     42 29.810 66 27.400 restart
  343 04 36             42 29.840 66 23.350 bottom of towyo at 206m/236m
  343 04 38         BM2-012 e 42 29.840 66 23.250 end aquisition start new ess
  343 04 38         BMT-013 s 42 29.840 66 23.250 start new ess
1GBWE6 343 05 13             42 29.870 66 19.010 surface @4.4m start next towyo; begin 1GBEW6
  343 05 43 41 e/s         42 29.970 66 16.230 tape change 040 to 041
  343 05 51             42 29.960 66 15.370 bottom of towyo 196.7m/226.7m
  343 06 07     s3430403 e     42 29.960 66 14.100 HTI computer crash, lost connection to whoi, restart.
  343 06 10     s3430610 s     42 29.970 66 13.820 new HTI file
1NECNS1 343 06 31             42 30.000 66 12.040 surface @ 5m starting ship turn; 2GBNS1
  343 07 12             42 28.050 66 09.130 bottom of towyo 200/230m
1NECNS2 343 07 46             42 26.310 66 06.700 Top of towyo start towyo 2GBNS2
  343 07 46 41 e         42 26.310 66 06.700 end tape 41 (fail to) start 42
  343 07 58 42 s         42 25.707 66 06.000 tape change
  343 08 27             42 24.230 66 04.000 Bottom of Towyo 225 meters
1NECNS3 343 09 08             42 22.120 66 01.200 Top of Towyo at 4 meters 2GBNS3
  343 09 48 42 e         42 19.800 65 58.150 Bottom of Towyo 210 meters Water Depth 240 m (Phil flew here)
  343 09 56 43 s s3430957 e/s     42 19.330 65 57.500 New Tape 43 New HTI File
1NECNS4 343 10 30                   top of towyo (missed entry)
  343 11 00                   Bottom of Towyo (missed entry)
1NECNS5 343 11 36             42 13.320 65 45.500 top of towyo. start towyo .
  343 11 56 44 e/s         42 11.000 65 47.500 change tapes.
  343 12 05             42 10.000 65 45.000 bottom of towyo
LT STA 343 12 35             42 08.770 65 43.580 top of towyo; hold at surface for light stn and MOC
  343 12 36                   drop out 420 up(?) and 43khz up(?)
  343 12 39     s2430957 e           CHANGE TAPES
  343 12 40     s2431240 s           VPR DIED new HTI
  343 12 41         bm2-014 e/s 42 08.570 65 42.950 new ESS
  343 13 01                   winch dropped fish to 12 m, while stopped; WAVE on HTI
  343 13 27                   sounder off Illeagal operation/ shut down acoustics computer
  343 14 01 44 e s3431401 s           new HTI file acoustic system restarted;VPR off
  343 14 01 45 s         42 07.470 65 41.010 tape change
  343 15 30     s3431401 e     42 07.790 65 42.290
  343 15 31     s3431531 s     42 07.790 65 42.290 noise test
  343 15 41 45 e s3431531 e           end tapes -taken out for syncronization
  343 15 42         bm2-014 e      
  343 15 43                   sonar spare ess off power cycling
  343 15 53                   clocks synced/power up
  343 15 55                 BIOENG up spare ess sonar (power up)
  343 15 58     s3430358 s/e           start and end of HTI due to Mishap in clock syncronization
  343 16 01     s3431601 s bm2-015 s 42 08.299 65 44.990 start of HTI file
  343 16 02 46 s               tapes started
2NECSN1 343 16 04             42 08.390 65 45.230 TOWYO DOWN 2NECSN1
  343 16 41             42 09.410 65 49.100 Bottom of TOWYO @ 218.8m/248.8m
2NECSN2 343 17 21             42 10.570 65 53.310 top of towyo. begining down again
  343 18 01             42 11.730 65 57.670 Bottom of TOWYO @195/225
  343 18 04 46 e         42 11.770 65 57.840 End tape 46
  343 18 04 47 s         42 11.770 65 57.840 Start tape 47
2NECSN3 343 18 33             42 12.910 66 02.150 Top of TOWYO
  343 18 36             42 13.010 66 02.500 BIOMAPER-II at surface, start next towyo
  343 18 59 47 e         42 13.920 66 05.940 End tape 47 (GMT midnight)
  343 19 00 48 s         42 13.920 66 05.940 Start tape 48
  343 19 19             42 14.540 66 08.220 Bottom of TOWYO 222/252m
  343 19 35                   Ship at GB4 Turning on to Georges Basin trackline
2GBEW1 343 20 02             42 16.990 66 13.880 Top of tow-yo @ 5m
  343 20 06     S3432006 e/s     42 17.240 66 14.380 New HTI file
  343 20 35             42 19.090 66 18.130 bottom of towyo 204 m/230 m
  343 21 04 49 e/s         42 20.930 66 21.830 change tapes
  343 21 09                 BIOMAPER-II @ 10 m to avoid fishing gear
2GBEW2 343 21 18             42 21.940 66 23.850 recommence towyo descent
  343 21 58             42 24.940 66 29.190 bottom of towyo 225 m/280 m
  343 21 12                 turn toward next tranesct line
MOC 343 22 30             42 25.260 66 33.840 top of towyo. @ 10 m for MOCNESS
  343 23 06 49 e         42 24.730 66 35.380 change tapes
  343 23 09 50 s S3432309 e/s     42 24.730 66 35.380 new HTI file
2GBEW3 344 00 37             42 23.050 66 38.180 start towyo down after moc
  344 01 06 51 e/s         42 20.870 66 41.330 tape change
  344 01 21             42 20.081 66 42.560 bottom of towyo 249/310 meters; 800 meters wire out
  344 01 22         BM2_015 e       END ESS
  344 01 24         BM2_016 s       VPR on NEW ESS
  344 01 25     S3432309 e           END DES
  344 01 25     S3440125 s     42 19.860 66 43.000 START DES
2GBEW4 344 02 13             42 16.789 66 47.460 start down on next towyo
  344 03 03             42 16.511 66 51.800 bottom of towyo 250/279.4; 740 meters wire out
  344 03 11 52 e/s         42 16.920 66 52.710 change tapes
2GBEW5 344 03 43             42 18.300 66 55.630 towyo starts down from boot @ surface
  344 04 33             42 20.660 67 00.805 Bottom of towyp 235/308m. 800m of wire out.
  344 04 46     S3440125 e     42 21.390 67 02.296 HTI Computer crash. Hard Reboot. Cycle power. Dat tape paused?
  344 04 53     S3440453 s     42 21.770 67 03.093 Restart HTI. New HTI file.
  344 05 12 53 e/s         42 22.790 67 05.280 Tape change. End 52, start 53.
2GBEW6 344 05 14             42 22.920 67 05.590 Surface @ 4.1m. Start next towyo.
  344 05 37             42 24.220 67 08.360 Stop towyo at 124m.Hold for turn.
  344 05 44             42 24.180 67 09.200 Start back down on towyo.
  344 06 05             42 23.060 67 11.700 Hold at 240m. (795 m wire out). something caught on the cable? Capture screen.
  344 06 07             42 22.920 67 11.960 Start back up. The thing is still there.
  344 06 45             42 20.470 67 17.570 Held BIOMAPER-II at surface while we freed a lobster line 4m above BIOMAPER-II .
2GBEW7 344 07 14 54 e/s         42 19.290 67 20.350 Tape change. End 53 start 54.
  344 07 32             42 18.320 67 22.470 Bottom of towyo at 234.4/287m. Wire out=800m.
  344 07 44             42 17.680 67 24.030 Scope shows no trace. Stop and start DAT tape. Recovered.
  344 08 18             42 15.720 67 28.420 BIOMAPER-II @ 10 m
  344 08 25 54 e S3340453 e BM2_016 e 42 15.340 67 29.250 End HTI file, tapes; power down BIOMAPER-II
  344 08 38             42 15.320 67 29.280 Recover BIOMAPER-II
  346 11 23         BM2-017 s       start ess
  346 11 28                   restarted ess
  346 11 29     s3461129 s           restart HTI FILE
  346 11 31 55 s               Start dat tapes
  346 11 31             42 13.300 70 26.530 start of towyo
  346 11 41             42 13.830 70 26.970 bottom of towyo
  346 11 48             42 14.330 70 26.830 to of towyo (the optics broke the surface)
  346 11 49             42 14.330 70 26.640 holding BIOMAPER-II at 5m
  346 12 59             42 13.670 70 27.060 start towyo after light station
  346 13 07             42 14.290 70 27.550 botom of towyo 50/74m 56m wire out
  346 13 18                   end ESS and HTI
  346 13 20             42 14.930 70 28.070 power down
  346 16 45     s3461645 s BM2_018 s 42 13.840 69 47.010 start up system
  346 16 50     s3461645 e           problem syncing clocks restart HTI file after syncing
  346 16 51     s3461561 s     42 14.200 69 46.850 new HTI file
  346 16 55 56 s         42 14.310 69 46.880 start dat #56 (5 meters on ess =0m line out =top of boot tape at surface)
  346 17 09             42 14.610 69 46.670 bottom of first towyo at 30 m starting up @2.5 meters per mineute
  346 17 13                 top of towyo 2
  346 17 15                 Bottom of towy 2
  346 17 17             42 14.810 69 46.590 top of towyo 3
  346 17 19                 Bottom of towyo 3
  346 17 20             42 14.950 69 46.540 top of towyo 4
  346 17 21                 Bottom of towyo 4
  346 17 23             42 15.040 69 46.520 top of towyo 5
  346 17 24                 bottom of towyo 5
  346 17 27             42 15.16 69 46.49 top of towyo 6
  346 17 29             42 15.200 69 46.470 bottom of towyo 6
  346 17 30             42 15.360 69 46.460 top of towyo 7
  346 17 31             42 15.290 69 46.460 bottom of towyo 7
  346 17 33             42 15.350 69 46.430 top of towyo 8
  346 17 35             42 15.420 69 46.410 bottom of towyo 8
  346 17 38             42 15.510 69 46.390 top of towyo 9
  346 17 40             42 15.570 69 46.370 bottom of towyo 9
  346 17 42             42 15.650 69 46.350 top of towyo 10
  346 17 45             42 15.720 69 46.320 bottom of towyo 10
  346 17 46             42 15.710 69 46.310 top of towyo 11
  346 17 49             42 15.850 69 46.290 bottom of towyo 11
  346 17 51             42 15.930 69 46.260 top of towyo 12
  346 17 53             42 15.980 69 46.250 bottom of towyo 12
  346 17 54             42 16.030 69 46.240 top of towyo 13
  346 17 58             42 16.150 69 46.210 bottom of towyo 13
  346 18 00                 top of towyo 14 (time uncertain)
  346 18 02                 bottom of towyo 14 (time uncertain)
  346 18 04                 top of towyo15 (time uncertain)
  346 18 20             42 16.370 69 45.610 BIOMAPER-II down to 25m start dowm @5m per minute
  346 18 24             42 15.920 69 45.380 hold @25m for 6 minutes
  346 18 30             42 15.410 69 45.110 drop to 50m
  346 18 34             42 15.080 69 44.920 hold @50m for6 minutes
  346 18 38     s3461651 e     42 14.740 69 44.750 HTI computer crash reboot cycle sonar power re-do 50m depth
  346 18 42     s3461842 s     42 14.370 69 44.560 new HTI file hold @ 50m for 6 MINutes
  346 18 49             42 13.820 69 44.270 drop to 75m
  346 18 53             42 13.440 69 44.070 hold @75m for 6 minutes
  346 18 58 56 e         42 12.960 69 43.870 end #56
  346 19 00 57 s         42 12.870 69 43.840 start #57
  346 19 04             42 12.550 69 43.700 hold BIOMAPER-II @ 99.5m for 6 minutes
  346 19 10             42 12.130 69 43.490 drop to 125m
  346 19 16             42 11.620 69 43.240 hold @125m for 6 mieutes
  346 19 22             42 11.160 69 43.010 Drop to 150m
  346 19 28             42 10.680 69 42.780 hold @150m for 6 minutes
  346 19 31                   accumulator turned on taking up 8m of wire bringing BIOMAPER-II to 142m
  346 19 32             42 10.280 69 42.600 300v forward fault in BIOMAPER-II (minor fault)
  346 19 35             42 10.180 69 42.550 drop to 175m
  346 19 45             42 09.370 69 42.150 hold @175m for 6 minutes
  346 19 51             42 08.880 69 41.930 drop to 190m
  346 19 56             42 08.540 69 41.770 hold @190m for six minutes
  346 20 02             42 08.040 69 41.510 bring BIOMAPER-II to 175m
  346 20 05             42 07.740 69 41.340 hold @ 175 for six minutes
  346 20 12             42 07.310 69 41.130 bring to 150m
  346 20 15             42 07.080 69 41.030 hold @ 150m for 6 minutes
  346 20 21             42 06.580 69 40.780 bring up to 125m
  346 20 24             42 06.350 69 40.660 hold @125m for 6 minutes
  346 20 30             42 05.870 69 40.430 bring up to 100m
  346 20 34             42 05.560 69 40.240 hold @ 100m for six minutes
  346 20 40             42 05.070 69 40.030 bring up to 75 m
  346 20 43             42 04.890 69 39.970 hold @ 75 m for 6min
  346 20 49             42 04.430 69 39.750 bring up to 50 m
  346 20 52             42 04.220 69 39.640 hold at 50 m for 6 min
  346 20 58             42 03.740 69 39.400 bring up to 25 m
  346 21 00             42 03.600 69 33.340 hold @ 25 m for 6 min
  346 21 02 58 e/s         42 03.420 69 38.240 change tapes
  346 21 06             42 03.120 69 39.110 bring up to 5 m
  346 21 26             42 02.410 69 38.510 mocness/BIOMAPER-II joint tow operations. Moc-1 deployed
  346 21 29             42 02.490 69 38.520 BIOMAPER-II down at 5 m/min
  346 21 39     S3462139 e/s     42 02.860 69 38.550 new HTI file; hold @30 m waiting for MOC
  346 22 00             42 03.610 69 38.570 fire net #1; 6 min @ 30 m
  346 22 06             42 03.850 69 38.570 bring up to 28 m
  346 22 06                 fire net #2; 6 min @ 28 m
  346 22 12             42 04.070 69 38.630 bring up to 26m
  346 22 14                 fire net #3; 6 min @26 m
  346 22 20             42 04.300 69 38.630 bring up to 24m
  346 22 20               fire net #4; 6 min @24 m
  346 22 26             42 04.600 69 38.660 bring up to 22m
  346 22 27               fire net #5; 6 min @22m
  346 22 33             42 04.870 69 38.670 bring up to 20 m
  346 22 35               fire net #6; 5 min @20 m; off by 1 min to sync w/MOC
  346 22 40             42 05.100 69 38.700 bring up to 18m
  346 22 41                 fire net #7; 6 min @18m
  346 22 47             42 05.430 69 38.710 bring up to 16m
  346 22 47                 fire net #8; 6min @16m
  346 22 53             42 05.650 69 38.730 end experiment; haul BIOMAPER-II to 5m
  346 23 08 58 e S3462139 e BM2_017 e     end acquisition; power down
  346 23 15             42 06.530 69 38.790 recovery; BIOMAPER-II out

Appendix III. R/V ENDEAVOR Cruise 331 VPR Log.

Tag Day GMT Time   Tape   Lat   Lon    
# # hr min sec VCR # s/e degrees minutes degrees minutes Comments
WEW1 338 19 32 01 001 s 42 04.950 69 43.330 start tape 001
  338 19 33 01           start RTVPR
  338 21 34 00 001 e 42 05.090 69 38.140 Stop tape 001 and RTVPR.
  338 21 34 36 002 s 42 05.090 69 38.090 Start tape 002
  338 21 36 00 42 05.090 69 38.030 Start RTVPR
  338 23 36 00 002 e 42 05.090 69 24.990 stop tape and RTVPR
  338 23 36 30 003 s 42 05.090 69 24.870 start tape 003
  338 23 37   42 05.090 69 24.870 start RTVPR
  338 23 59 45 003 e 42 05.050 69 22.280 stop tape and RTVPR
  339 00 00 00 004 s 42 05.050 69 22.250 start tape 004 and RTVPR
  339 02 03 20 005 e/s         stop tape & RTVPR 02:02:14 start 02:03:40
  339 04 04 02 006 e/s         stop tape &RTVPR 04:03:06 start 04:04:30
  339 06 06 30 007 e/s 42 15.000 69 27.200 several restarts on 005 to get time code going
  339 06 16               ROI's now being captured after RDC toggle
  339 07 47 08     42 15.310 69 39.230 top of towyo
  339 08 10 08 008 s 42 15.249 69 41.860 new tape
  339 10 11 10 009 e/s 42 18.970 69 50.880 start RTVPR and tape 009
  339 12 14   009 e 42 25.050 69 44.450 stop tape 9 and RTVPR
  339 12 14   010 s 42 25.050 69 44.450 start tape 10 and RTVPR
  339 14 16 57 011 e 42 25.030 69 30.260 stop tape & RTVPR 14:16:25 start 14:17:15
  339 16 18 13 012 s 42 24.990 69 16.680 stop tape RTVPR 16:17:26 start 16:18:39
  339 16 44 13         end RTVPR for BIOMAPER-II RECOVERY (early ending)
  339 16 44 27 012 e 42 25.900 69 14.880 end tape
  339 20 19 40 013 s 42 25.900 69 14.880 start RTVPR
  339 20 21 21 013 s 42 26.000 69 14.880 start tape13
  339 22 17   013 e 42 35.100 69 16.190 stop of tape#13 and RTVPR
  339 22 18   014 s 42 35.100 69 16.190 start of tape #14
  339 23 59 45 014 e 42 35.130 69 28.140 stop tape at 00.00 GMT
  340 00 00 10 015 s 42 35.130 69 28.210 start of tape #15
  340 02 20               minor system restart ...
  340 02 21 20 016 e/s 42 35.040 69 45.120 02:21:40 start RTVPR
  340 04 24 12 017 e/s 42 39.220 69 51.840 04:23:37 stop RTVPR/tape 04:24:47 start RTVPR
  340 06 26 18 017 e         end tape 17
  340 06 26 49 018 s 42 41.457 69 50.640
  340 06 27 41             RTVPR started
  340 07 02 18 018 e 42 40.131 69 50.870 Tape stopped early for BMP out to steam
  340 07 02 46     42 40.131 69 50.870 RTVPR ended
  340 17 15 55 019 s 43 19.080 68 00.150 Start RTVPR@17:22:29
  340 17 30       43 18.760 68 00.160 Restart RTVPR
  340 19 17 45 019 e         change tape
  340 19 17 52 020 s 43 16.550 68 00.490 tape change
  340 19 18 43             Stop RTVPR
  340 19 19 42             Start RTVPR@19:19:42
  340 21 20 00 020 e 43 21.780 67 58.980 RTVPRand tape 020 stop
  340 21 21 34 021 s 43 21.870 67 58.950 RTVPRand tape 021 start
  340 23 21 00 021 e 43 32.995 67 53.440 stop tape 21 andRTVPR
  340 23 21 022 s 43 33.011 67 53.430 start RTVPR and tape 22
  340 23 59 45 022 e 43 36.382 67 51.800 stop RTVPR and tape22
  341 00 00   023 s 43 36.400 67 51.790 start RTVPR and tape 23
  341 02 01 52 023 e 43 47.270 67 46.330 end tape; stop RTVPR 02:01:45
  341 02 02 21 024 s 43 47.270 67 46.330 start tape; start RTVPR 02:02:55
  341 04 04 40 024 e 43 47.870 67 42.180 end tape; stop RTVPR 04:04:13
  341 04 04 59 025 s 43 47.870 67 42.180 start tape; start RTVPR 04:05:24
  341 06 05 26 025 e 43 47.870 67 42.180 end tape
  341 06 05 51 026 s 43 42.760 67 33.940 start tape 26
  341 06 06 19 026 e 43 42.760 67 33.940 end RTVPR
  341 06 08 47 027 s 43 42.760 67 33.940 start RTVPR
  341 08 07 54 027 e/s 43 32.220 67 40.880 start tape
  341 08 08 02             stop RTVPR
  341 08 08               start RTVPR
  341 10 09 05 027 e 43 22.730 67 47.500 stop tape 27 and RTVPR
  341 10 09 30 028 s         start tape 028 and RTVPR
  341 12 11 00 028 e 43 20.610 67 38.950 stop tape 028 and RTVPR
  341 12 11 17 029 s         start tape 029 and RTVPR
  341 14 15 20 029 e 43 32.460 67 33.320 stop RTVPR 14:15:17
  341 14 15 53 030 s 43 32.460 67 33.320 start RTVPR 14:16:18
  341 16 18 15 030 e 43 43.280 67 28.470 stop RTVPR 16:18:01
  341 16 18 47 031 s 43 43.280 67 28.470 start RTVPR 16:19:21
  341 18 19 37 031 e 43 45.027 67 24.800 tape change
  341 18 20 00 032 s     new tape
  341 18 20 22           RTVPR STOP
  341 18 20 48             RTVPR started
  341 19 36               slow turn started to new line
  341 20 22 15 032 e 43 32.640 67 25.010 tape ended
  341 20 22 41 033 s         new tape
  341 20 22 50             RTVPR started
  341 20 23 02             STROBE OFF (during tape change?)
  341 20 25 35             RESTART STROBE
  341 22 49               computer (hTI) crash power down. restart
  341 22 52 50     43 29.990 67 09.057 VPR camara an VPR stroke on. HTI still not connecting to network.
  341 22 24 30 033 e         power on/off again stop tape 033
  341 22 24 52 034 s 43 29.960 67 06.680 start tape 034 and RTVPR
  341 22 49               RTVPR Crashed and restarted
  341 23 05 00 034 e 43 30.160 67 09.470 stop tape and RTVPR
  342 23 41 19 035 s 42 29.516 67 19.720 start tape 035
  342 23 41 48 42 29.540 67 19.580 start RTVPR Change setting on RTVPR Threshold = 50 In Focus=40
  342 23 59 45 035 e 42 29.540 67 17.160 stop tape 035
  342 23 59 58 42 29.540 67 17.160 stop RTVPR
  343 00 00 10 036 s 42 29.540 67 17.160 start RTVPR start tape36
  343 00 45       42 29.590 67 12.290 VPR failure at 289 meters Bring Biomapper up
  343 00 47       42 29.540 67 12.070 VPR self restart 270 meters
  343 00 51 57     42 29.560 67 11.560 Biomapper down for testing VPR
  343 00 05 05     42 29.551 67 11.240 VPR failure at 266 bottom of Towyo
  343 01 00       42 29.600 67 10.640 VPR on and off at 231.81 meters
  343 01 02 26     42 29.600 67 10.450 VPR self started 225 meters
  343 01 03 24     42 29.610 67 10.350 RTVPR started
  343 01 51   36 e 42 29.640 67 05.470 end tape 36
  343 02 32 40 37 s 42 29.760 67 04.730 start tape 37 RTVPR 02:33:05
  343 04 37 24 37 e 42 29.330 66 59.770 stop tpe stop RTVPR 04:37:07
  343 04 37 48 38 s 42 29.330 66 59.770 start tape 38; RTVPR 04:38:31
  343 05 04             great tails, siphon, etc
  343 06 38 45 38 e         tape change
  343 06 39 05 39 s 42 29.550 66 45.810 new tape
  343 06 39 40             start RTVPR
  343 08 41 20 40 e/s 42 29.741 66 29.860 tape change
  343 08 41 53             RTVPR stop
  343 08 43 00             RTVPR (re)start
  343 10 43 00 40 e 42 29.950 66 16.280 stop tape 040
  343 10 43 20 41 s 42 29.960 66 16.230 start tape 041
  343 10 44 08     42 30.000 66 16.080 start RTVPR
  343 12 46   42 e/s 42 26.334 66 06.834 end tape 41 start tape 42
  343 14 53 08 42 e 42 19.360 65 57.570 Stop RTVPR @ 14:53:00 Stop Tape 42
  343 14 54 12 43 s 42 19.360 65 57.570 Start tape 43, start RTVPR 14:54:30
  343 15 37 22     42 16.930 65 55.430 Restart RTVPR after program crashed
  343 16 40 21     42 12.820 65 48.850 RTVPR barfed restarted 16:41:33
  343 16 55 05 43 e 42 11.710 65 47.370 stop RTVPR 16:54:53
  343 16 55 50 44 s 42 11.710 65 47.370 start RTVPR 16:56:02
  343 17 35 30     42 08.520 65 43.080 mvc15040 occ error msg
  343 17 43 30     42 08.560 65 42.900 RTVPR program rebooted
  343 18 58 20 44 e 42 07.470 65 41.010 stop tape
  343 19 01 14 45 e/s 42 07.470 65 41.010 start tape
  343 19 01 41 42 07.470 65 41.010 RTVPR off
  343 19 01 57     42 07.470 65 41.010 start RTVPR
  343 20 41       42 07.470 65 41.010 stop RTVPR
  343 21 03 00 46 e/s 42 08.380 65 45.230 start RTVPR
  343 21 06       42 08.460 65 45.420 restart RTVPR
  343 23 04   46 e 42 11.780 65 57.870 stop tape 046 and RTVPR
  343 23 04   47 s 42 11.780 65 57.870 start tape 047
  343 23 59 50 47 e 42 13.920 66 05.950 GMT midnight stop tape 047
  344 00 00   48 s 42 13.920 66 05.950 start tape 048
  344 02 00   48 e       tape 048 ran out; RTVPR STOP 02:03:47
  344 02 04 37 49 s 42 20.980 66 21.930 02:04:55 START RTVPR
  344 04 06 19 49 e 42 24.730 66 35.400 Stop RTVPR 04:06:07; stop tape
  344 04 06 54 50 s 42 24.720 66 35.400 new tape; start RTVPR 04:08:06
  344 06 06 20 51 e/s 42 20.890 66 41.330 stop RTVPR new tape
  344 06 15 00           had to make new tape directory; RTVPR started
  344 08 11 45 51 e 42 16.940 66 52.740 RTVPR stopped
  344 08 12 36 52 s 42 16.940 66 52.740 RTVPR started
  344 10 12 00 52 e 42 22.760 67 05.240 Tape change. End tape 052.
  344 10 12 00 53 s 42 22.760 67 05.240 Start tape 053.
  344 12 14 45 53 e 42 19.270 67 20.280 End Tape 053. Stop RTVPR
  344 12 15 19 54 s 42 19.270 67 20.280 Start Tape 054. Start RTVPR
  344 13 26 00 54 e 42 15.320 67 29.280 End RTVPR @ 13:25:23. Stop Tape 054
  346 16 31 42 55 s 42 13.300 70 26.530 start tape 55; start RTVPR 16:31:52
  346 17 30             RTVPR crashed/reset
  346 17 45             restart RTVPR
  346 18 19 02 55 e 42 14.929 70 28.070 stop RTVPR; tape off 1820
  346 21 55 56 56 s 42 14.293 69 46.890 start tape 56
  346 21 57 35     42 14.320 69 46.800 start RTVPR
  346 23 58 40 56 e 42 12.960 69 43.870 end tape 56
  347 00 00 07 57 s 42 12.870 69 43.840 start tape 57
  347 00 00 20     42 12.870 69 43.840 RTVPR
  347 02 02 09 57 e 42 03.420 69 38.240 end tape 57
  347 02 02 30 58 s 42 03.400 69 38.230 start tape 58
  347 04 02 30 58 e 42 05.650 69 38.730 missed time @ end; assumed end tape 58 for 2 hours...

Appendix IV. R/V ENDEAVOR Cruise 331 "All" Tapes Cross_comparison Log.

Towyo Event# Time Latitude Longitude Dat s/e HTI s/e ESS s/e Bio-optics s/e VPR s/e Time Comments
    LOCAL   tape   filename   filename   filename   tape   GMT
  1 338.2722 41.5233 70.6715                   338.4806 Leave WHOI dock
  2 338.5938 42.0825 69.7362                   338.8021 Deploy BIOMAPER-II
    338.6056 42.0825 69.7222 1 s S3381432 s BM2_001 s         338.8139 ESS started a little before DAT tape
    338.6056 42.0825 69.7222               001 s 338.8139 start tape 001
    338.6063 -- --                 338.8146 start RTVPR
    338.6083 -- --   S3381436 s             338.8167 .vew was messed, restart HTI sounder
  3 338.6299 42.0823 69.6970                   338.8382 Deploy MOC
    338.6410                 HS120499B s     338.8493
    338.6611                 HS120499B e     338.8694
    338.6618                 HS120499C s     338.8701
    338.6674 -- --                   338.8757 SB pumps on
1WBWE1   338.6806 -- --                   338.8889 start towyo 1WBWE1
  4 338.6882 42.0845 69.6418                   338.8965 MOC OUT AFTER SUN DOWN
    338.6903 42.0848 69.6357               001 e 338.8986 Stop tape 001 and RTVPR.
    338.6903 42.0848 69.6357 1 e                 338.8986 end DAT tape
    338.6907 42.0848 69.6348               002 s 338.8990 Start tape 002
    338.6910 42.0848 69.6348 2 s                 338.8993 start new DAT dape
    338.6917 42.0848 69.6338               338.9000 Start RTVPR
    338.6986                 HS120499C e     338.9069
    338.7021                 HS120499D s     338.9104
    338.7292 42.0847 69.5443                   338.9375
1WBWE2   338.7604 42.0843 69.4568                   338.9688 top of towyo. Surface at 4.1m (pressure). Start towyo 1WBWE2
    338.7750 42.0848 69.4145 3 s                 338.9833 change tape
    338.7750 42.0848 69.4165 2 e                 338.9833 change tape
    338.7750 42.0848 69.4165               002 e 338.9833 stop tape and RTVPR
    338.7753 42.0848 69.4145               003 s 338.9837 start tape 003
    338.7757 42.0848 69.4145               338.9840 start RTVPR
    338.7910 42.0842 69.3713 3 e                 338.9993 change tape @7:00pm=12:00Ght
    338.7915 42.0842 69.3713               003 e 338.9998 stop tape and RTVPR
    338.7917 42.0842 69.3708 4 s                 339.0000 hold BIOMAPER-II @ 27m above the bottom during tape change
    338.7917 42.0842 69.3708               004 s 339.0000 start tape 004 and RTVPR
1WBWE3   338.8160 -- --                   339.0243 top of towyo at 5.0m. Start towyo 1WBWE3*
1WBSN1   338.8368 -- --                   339.0451 hold @ approx. 120 m during turn. towyo now called 2WBSN1*
    338.8479                 HS120499D e     339.0563
    338.8479                 HS120499E s     339.0563
    338.8486 42.1085 69.2437                   339.0569 bottom of towyo at 20m (170 m) above bottom
    338.8750 42.1588 69.2460 4 e                 339.0833 top of towyo at 3.9 m
    338.8764 -- -- 5 s                 339.0847 change tapes.
    338.8773 -- --               005 e/s 339.0856 stop tape & RTVPR 02:02:14 start 02:03:40
1WBSN2   338.8778 42.1672 69.2460   S3382104 e/s BM2_002 e/s         339.0861 start towo 2WBSN2
    338.9083 42.2217 69.2483                   339.1167 bottom of towyo at 20m (198 m) above bottom
    338.9319                 HS120499F s     339.1403
    338.9319                 HS120499E e     339.1403
    338.9319 42.2700 69.2545                   339.1403 top of towyo at 5 m. start turn.
    338.9361 42.2717 69.2642                   339.1444 start aborted towyo
    338.9458 42.2697 69.2937                   339.1542 end aborted towyo. start MOCNESS tow w/ BIOMAPER-II @ 5 m.
    338.9604 42.2668 69.3100 6 e/s                 339.1688 change tapes.
    338.9611 -- --               006 e/s 339.1695 stop tape &RTVPR 04:03:06 start 04:04:30
  5 338.9986 42.2687 69.3062                   339.2069 Start MOC 1
  6 339.0014 42.2637 69.3500                   339.2097 End MOC 1
    339.0076                 HS120499F e     339.2160
    339.0083                 H120599A s     339.2167
3WBEW1   339.0139 42.0000 69.0000                   339.2222 3WBEW1 TOWYO DOWN
    339.0375 42.2615 69.4290   S3390054 s             339.2458 NEW ACOUSTICS FILE
    339.0375 42.2610 69.4290                   339.2458 3WBEW1 TOWYO UP from 177m/207 deep
    339.0396 -- --                   339.2479 partial dropout on upward 120
    339.0458 42.2602 69.4533 7 e/s                 339.2542 change tapes.
    339.0462 42.2500 69.4533               007 e/s 339.2545 several restarts on 005 to get time code going
    339.0528 -- --                   339.2611 ROI's now being captured after RDC toggle
3WBEW2   339.0660 42.2587 69.5117                   339.2743 3WBEW2 TOWYO DOWN
    339.0931 42.2577 69.5930                   339.3014 3WBEW2 TOWYO UP from 200/230 m deep
    339.1160 42.2552 69.6538                   339.3243 3WBEW3 TOWYO DOWN from surface
    339.1161 42.2552 69.6538                   339.3244 top of towyo
    339.1313 42.2549 69.6977 8 e/s                 339.3396 change tapes.
    339.1320 42.2542 69.6977               008 s 339.3404 new tape
3WBEW3   339.1382 42.2537 69.7182                   339.3465 3WBEW3 TOWYO UP from 207/235m, 507 m wire out
    339.1403 -- --       BM2_002 e         339.3486 (header not changed in file)
    339.1410 42.2537 69.7278       BM2_003 s         339.3493 New ESS file
    339.1597 -- --                   339.3681 refrad and sos going, after file check on bio-optics
    339.1639 42.2521 69.7895                   339.3722 SURFACE
    339.1653 -- --                   339.3736 WINCH RESTART due to diagnostic error light
4WBSN1   339.1660 42.2533 69.7962                   339.3743 slow descent for TURN 4WBSN1
    339.1771 42.2507 69.8302                   339.3854 parking at 56 meters for delayed turn (ship boxed in)
    339.1875 42.2531 69.8580                   339.3958 restart downward towyo
    339.1938 42.2597 69.8563   S3390403 e/s             339.4021 new acoustics file s3390403
    339.2083 42.3040 69.8487                   339.4167 bottom of towyo @ 198.0m
    339.2160 42.3162 69.8480 9 e/s                 339.4243 start RTVPR and tape 009
    339.2161 42.3162 69.8480               009 e/s 339.4244 start RTVPR and tape 009
5WBWE1   339.2347 42.3542 69.8475                   339.4431 top of towyo. finished w/ 4WBSN1. start 5WBWE1.
    339.2514 42.3888 69.8437                   339.4597 hold BIOMAPER-II @95.2m for ships turn
    339.2653                 H120599A e     339.4736
    339.2653                 H120599B s     339.4736
    339.2653 42.4136 69.8303                   339.4736 continuing towyo going down
    339.2868 42.4165 69.7758                   339.4951 bottom of towyo @ 25.0m (240.7m) above bottom
    339.3014 42.4175 69.7408               009 e 339.5097 stop tape 9 and RTVPR
5WBWE2   339.3014 42.4176 69.7408 10 e/s                 339.5097 change tapes
    339.3014 42.4175 69.7408               010 s 339.5097 start tape 10 and RTVPR
    339.3160 -- --                   339.5243 top of towyo. end 5WBWE1. start 5WBWE2.
    339.3444 42.4182 69.6265                   339.5528 bottom of towyo at 20m (240 m) above bottom
5WBWE3   339.3743 42.4173 69.5427                   339.5826 top of towyo. sensor in air. finished w/ 5WBWE2. start 5WBWE3.
    339.3861 42.4173 69.5063 11 e/s                 339.5944 change tapes.
    339.3868 42.4172 69.5043               011 e 339.5951 stop tape & RTVPR 14:16:25 start 14:17:15
    339.3868                 H120599B e     339.5951
    339.3951                 H120599C s     339.6035 short file
    339.4042 42.4173 69.4593                   339.6125 bottom of towyo at 20m (232 m) above bottom
5WBWE4   339.4306 42.4178 69.3860                   339.6389 top of towyo. sensor below surface. finished w/ 5WBWE3. start 5WBWE4.
    339.4583 42.4167 69.3135                 339.6667 bottom of towyo; fish at 227 m; 25 above bottom
    339.4708 42.4165 69.2790 12 e/s                 339.6792 change tapes.
    339.4710 42.4165 69.2780               012 s 339.6793 stop tape RTVPR 16:17:26 start 16:18:39
    339.4861 42.4162 69.2350                   339.6944 top of towyo. sensor below surface finished w/ 5WBWE4.
    339.4889 42.4158 69.2265 12 e S3390403 e BM2_003 e         339.6972 tapes off.
    339.4890 -- --               339.6974 end RTVPR for BIOMAPER-II RECOVERY (early ending)
    339.4892 42.4317 69.2480               012 e 339.6975 end tape
    339.4917                 H120599C e     339.7000 short file
  7 339.5007 42.4135 69.2058                   339.7090 BIOMAPER-II OUT bioopt.
8 339.5118 42.4137 69.2045                   339.7201 Calibration
9 339.5340 42.4163 69.1908                   339.7424 Light casts done
11 339.5521 42.4152 69.1870                   339.7604 Data ended @39m
10 339.5819 42.4148 69.1888                   339.7903 CTD aborted
12 339.5972 42.4125 69.2267                   339.8056 RECAST CTD
13 339.6146 42.4107 69.2253                   339.8229 CTD out
14 339.6271 42.4145 69.2435                   339.8354 BMP in
  339.6285 42.4145 69.2435                   339.8368 BIOMAPER-II deployed
  339.6319 42.4258 69.2482   s3391510 s           339.8403 restarted BIOMAPER-II
  339.6361 42.4258 69.2482       BMP_004 s       339.8444 ess started
  339.6368 42.4272 69.2482 13 s               339.8451 start tapes
  339.6375               H120599D s   339.8458 NO DATA in file
  339.6382 42.4272 69.2482                   339.8465 to 10m and back
  339.6387 42.4317 69.2480               013 s 339.8470 start RTVPR
  339.6398 42.4333 69.2480               013 s 339.8482 start tape13
6WBSN1 339.6410 42.4392 69.2482                   339.8493 6WBSN1 towyo down
  339.6674 42.4872 69.2490                   339.8757 towyo bottom 208/235m 454m wire out
6WBSN2 339.6951 42.5463 69.2497                   339.9035 top of towyo. finished w/ 6WBSN1. start 6WBSN2.
  339.6958 42.5468 69.2497                   339.9042 going down
  339.7111 42.5805 69.2495                   339.9194 BIOMAPER-II @ 95 for ships turn
  339.7153 42.5847 69.2557                   339.9236 continue downward towyo
  339.7201 42.5850 69.2698               013 e 339.9285 stop of tape#13 and RTVPR
  339.7208 42.5851 69.2698 14 e/s               339.9292 new tape #14
  339.7208 42.5850 69.2698               014 s 339.9292 start of tape #14
  339.7340 42.5847 69.3072                   339.9424 bottom of towyo 205/225m
  339.7361 42.5845 69.3142                   339.9444 discovered that dat tape wasn't recording. nothing on oscilloscope. restarted
7WBEW1 339.7604 42.5848 69.3827                   339.9688 top of towyo. finished w/ 6WBSN2. start 7WBEW1.
  339.7910 42.5855 69.4690 14 e               339.9993 end#14
  339.7915 42.5855 69.4690               014 e 339.9998 stop tape at 00.00 GMT
  339.7917 42.5855 69.4702 15 s               340.0000 start#15
  339.7918 42.5855 69.4702               015 s 340.0001 start of tape #15
  339.7938 42.0842 69.3642                 340.0021 bottom of towyo at20m(191m) above bottom
    339.7944 42.5855 69.4780                     340.0028 bottom of towyo 217/238 m
7WBEW2   339.8188 42.5962 69.5318                     340.0271 top of towyo. finished with 7WBEW1. start 7WBEW2.
    339.8382                 H120599D e     340.0465 NO DATA in file
    339.8410                 H120599E s   340.0493
    339.8521 42.5842 69.6422                   340.0604 bottom of towyo 240/260 m. Bio-Eng crash.
  339.8771 42.5843 69.7122 15 e               340.0854 Remove tape 15
  339.8813 42.5842 69.7255   S3391510 e BM2_004 e         340.0896 top of towyo. finished with 7WBEW2.
  339.8826               H120599E e     340.0910
    339.8889 42.5842 69.7465       BM2_005 s       340.0972 restart Bio-Eng and BIOMAPER-II
  339.8889               H120599F s     340.0972
    339.8889 -- --                   340.0972 minor system restart ...
  339.8898 42.5840 69.7520                 016 e/s 340.0981 02:21:40 start RTVPR
7WBEW3 339.8903 42.5838 69.7525 16 s s3392122 e/s           340.0986 start 7WBEW3. towyo down.
  339.9167 42.5832 69.8227                   340.1250 bottom of towyo 235/260 m.
  339.9389 42.5823 69.8818                     340.1472 BIOMAPER-II @ 25 m for turn.
    339.9417 -- --                   340.1500 turn complete. up to 10 m. end 7WBEW3.
8WBSN1 339.9438 42.5910 69.8855                   340.1521 top of towyo. start 8WBSN1.
  339.9694 42.6432 69.8677                   340.1778 bottom of towyo 220/245 m.
  339.9750 -- -- 17 e/s               340.1833 TAPE CHANGE
    339.9751 42.6537 69.8640                 017 e/s 340.1835 04:23:37 stop RTVPR/tape 04:24:47 start RTVPR
    340.0007                 H120599F e     340.2090  
    340.0021                 H120699A s   340.2104  
8WBSN2   340.0021 42.7031 69.8483                     340.2104 top of towyo @ 5 meters
    340.0104 42.7022 69.8399                     340.2188 Turning around at 50 m
MOC   340.0188 42.7147 69.8372                     340.2271 Surface for MOCNESS tow at N end
  15 340.0257 42.7248 69.8373                     340.2340 MOC IN
    340.0597 42.6910 69.8440 18 e/s                 340.2681 change tapes.
    340.0599 -- --                 017 e 340.2683 end tape 17
    340.0603 42.6910 69.8440                 018 s 340.2686  
    340.0609 -- --                     340.2692 RTVPR started
    340.0847                 H120699A e     340.2931  
    340.0847 42.6689 69.8478 18 e S3392122 e BM2_005 e         340.2931 end files
    340.0847 42.6689 69.8478                     340.2931 SHUTDOWN
  340.0849 42.6689 69.8478                 018 e 340.2933 Tape stopped early for BMP out to steam
  340.0853 42.6689 69.8478                     340.2936 RTVPR ended
  17 340.0938 42.6689 69.8478                     340.3021 BMP out for steam to Jordan
  16 340.1236 42.6711 69.8475                     340.3319 MOC OUT
  18 340.5049 43.3253 68.0018                     340.7132 BMP in
    340.5090                 H120699B s     340.7174  
    340.5111 43.3180 68.0025                 019 s 340.7194 Start RTVPR@17:22:29
    340.5111 43.3217 68.0025 19 s S3401216 s BM2_006 s       340.7194 Power up BMP @ 5 meters for MOC
  19 340.5146 43.3174 68.0000                     340.7229 MOC IN
    340.5208 43.3127 68.0027                     340.7292 Restart RTVPR
20 340.5625 43.2828 68.0142                     340.7708 MOC OUT
21 340.5708 43.2783 68.0117                     340.7792 several aborted attempts
    340.5951 43.2758 68.0082 20 e/s                 340.8035 change tapes; light station
    340.5957 -- --                 019 e 340.8040 change tape
    340.5957 43.2758 68.0082                 020 s 340.8041 tape change
    340.5963 -- --                     340.8047 Stop RTVPR
    340.5970 -- --                     340.8053 Start RTVPR@19:19:42
  22 340.6028 43.2719 68.0038                     340.8111 RAD on board
  23 340.6076 43.2703 68.0012                     340.8160 CTD in
  24 340.6278 43.2660 67.9933                     340.8361 CTD out
    340.6299 43.2745 67.9930     S3401507 s             340.8382 start HTI
    340.6328 43.2745 67.9930     S3401216 e           340.8411 end HTI
1JBSN1   340.6354 43.2745 67.9930                     340.8438 Start Towyo 1JBSN1
    340.6354 43.2745 67.9930         BM2_007 s         340.8438 End ESS File
    340.6688 43.3438 67.9920                     340.8771 Bottom of towyo at 212m, 30m above bottom. Depth 242m.
  340.6715                 H120699C s     340.8799  
    340.6715                 H120699B e     340.8799  
    340.6806 43.3645 67.9825 21 s               340.8889 start tape
    340.6806 43.3630 67.9830                 020 e 340.8889 RTVPRand tape 020 stop
    340.6806 43.3547 67.9830 20 e                 340.8889 end tape
    340.6816 43.3645 67.9825                 021 s 340.8900 RTVPRand tape 021 start
1JBSN2   340.6944 43.3948 67.9675                     340.9028 surface @ 5m top of towyo. start 1JBSN2
    340.6979 43.4035 67.9633     S3401645 s             340.9063 new files
    340.7250 43.4627 67.9342                     340.9333 bottom of towyo 220/250m depth 30m
    340.7472 43.5110 67.9100                     340.9556 data drop out on 200khz (upward looking)
    340.7535 43.5285 67.9015                     340.9618 top of towyo (park @5m to remove seaweed)
1JBSN3   340.7556 43.5295 67.9015                     340.9639 BIOMAPER-II starting down on towyo
    340.7646 43.5502 67.8905                 022 s 340.9729 start RTVPR and tape 22
    340.7646 43.5499 67.8907                 021 e 340.9729 stop tape 21 andRTVPR
    340.7653 43.5499 67.8907 21 e                 340.9736 stop tape 21
    340.7653 43.5502 67.8905 22 s                 340.9736 start tape 22
    340.7889 43.6006 67.8662                     340.9972 Bottom of towyo at 217m, Depth 247m.
    340.7889 43.6024 67.8653     S3401645 e             340.9972 close file
    340.7889 43.6028 67.8652     S3401856 s             340.9972 start file
    340.7910 43.6064 67.8633 22 e                 340.9993 stop tape 22
  340.7915 43.6064 67.8633                 022 e 340.9998 stop RTVPR and tape22
    340.7917 43.6067 67.8632                 023 s 341.0000 start RTVPR and tape 23
    340.7917 43.6067 67.8632 23 s                 341.0000 start tape 23
1JBSN4   340.8167 43.6617 67.8352                     341.0250 Top of towyo. Start new towyo. Pressure at 4.9m.
    340.8458 43.7262 67.8030                     341.0542 Bottom of towyo at 195m, Depth 217m.
1JBSN5   340.8688 43.7707 67.7815                     341.0771 top of towyo @ 5m. start towyo
    340.8694 43.7730 67.7807     S3402052 e/s             341.0778 new HTI file
    340.8763 43.7878 67.7722                 023 e 341.0846 end tape; stop RTVPR 02:01:45
    340.8764 -- -- 24 e/s                 341.0847 change tapes
    340.8766 43.7878 67.7722                 024 s 341.0850 start tape; start RTVPR 02:02:55
    340.8882 43.8118 67.7612                     341.0965 bottom of towyo 205/227 m
    340.8993 -- --                     341.1076 BIOMAPER-II @ 90 m, turning east to avoid fishing gear
    340.9076 43.8330 67.7258                     341.1160 top of towyo @ 10 m. start MOCNESS
25 340.9549 43.8303 67.7225                   341.1632 MOC in water
  340.9616 43.7978 67.7030               024 e 341.1699 end tape; stop RTVPR 04:04:13
  340.9618 43.7978 67.7030               025 s 341.1701 start tape; start RTVPR 04:05:24
  340.9639 -- -- 25 e/s S3402308 e/s           341.1722 MOCNESS complete.start new HTI file, tapes
2JBWE1 340.9674 44.2948 67.6973                   341.1757 start towyo 2JBWE1 from end of MOCNESS tow
  340.9826               H120699C e   341.1910 stopped transmitting; spare power cycled
  340.9910 43.7897 67.6347                   341.1993 bottom of towyo 205/227 m
  340.9917               H120799A s   341.2000
  26 340.9993 43.8012 67.7045                   341.2076 MOC OUT
3JBNS1 341.0153 43.7807 67.5665                   341.2236 top of towyo @ 5 meters, turning to South around GEAR 3JBNS1
  341.0438 43.7164 67.5658                   341.2521 bottom of towyo 206/236 meters, 476 m wire out
  341.0451 43.7127 67.5657 26 e/s               341.2535
    341.0454 43.7978 67.7030               025 e 341.2538 end tape
  341.0457 43.7127 67.5657               026 s 341.2541 start tape 26
  341.0461 43.7127 67.5657               026 e 341.2544 end RTVPR
  341.0478 43.7127 67.5657               027 s 341.2561 start RTVPR
3JBNS2 341.0708 -- --   S3402308 e           341.2792 top of towyo @5.5 meters 3JBNS2
  341.0708 43.6570 67.5908   S3410143 s BM2_007 e       341.2792 redo files
  341.0722 -- --       BM2_008 s       341.2806 new ESS
  341.0986 43.6043 67.6317                   341.3069 bottom of towyo 34 meters above variable bottom
  341.1229 43.5530 67.6697                   341.3313 top of towyo @ 5 meters; tending toward ship near surface 3JBNS3
3JBNS3 341.1299 -- -- 26 e               341.3382 end tape
  341.1305 43.5370 67.6813               027 e/s 341.3388 start tape
  341.1306 43.5370 67.6813 27 s               341.3389 tape changes; new tape
  341.1306 -- --                   341.3389 start RTVPR
  341.1306 -- --                   341.3389 stop RTVPR
  341.1465 43.5062 67.7048                   341.3549 bottom of towyo @ 200/230 meters, 468 m wire out
  341.1632 -- --                   341.3715 one complete scan drop out on the 420 upward looking transducer
3JBNS4 341.1722 43.4575 67.7412                   341.3806 top of towyo @5.1 meters. Start new towyo.3JBNS4
  341.2021 43.4022 67.7825   S3410143 e           341.4104 new HTI file at bottom of towyo.
  341.2021 43.4027 67.7820                   341.4104 bottom of towyo. 230/260m
  341.2028 43.4020 67.7825   S3410452 s           341.4111 new HTI file.
  341.2146 43.3788 67.7917 28 s               341.4229 start tape 28
  341.2146 43.3788 67.1567 27 e               341.4229 stop tape 27
  341.2146 43.3788 67.7917               027 e 341.4230 stop tape 27 and RTVPR
  341.2149 -- --               028 s 341.4233 start tape 028 and RTVPR
  341.2375 43.3383 67.8197                   341.4458 hold at 15m while making the turn.
4JBWE1 341.2382 43.3385 67.8177                   341.4465 turn completed. Start new towyo.
  341.2556 43.3359 67.7353                 341.4639 bottom of towyo @240m/271.2m
  341.2597               H120699A e   341.4681
    341.2597               H120799B s   341.4681
5JBSN1 341.2958 43.3348 67.6525                   341.5042 top of towyo. Ship turning on to new leg
  341.2993 43.3435 67.6492               028 e 341.5076 stop tape 028 and RTVPR
  341.2993 43.3435 67.6492 29 s               341.5076 start tape 29
  341.2993 43.3435 67.6492 28 e               341.5076 stop tape 28
  341.2995 -- --               029 s 341.5078 start tape 029 and RTVPR
  341.3021 43.3560 67.6432   S3410719 e/s           341.5104 accidently rebooted acoustic computer
  341.3250 43.4003 67.6213                   341.5333 bottom of towyo @200 m/235 m
5JBSN2 341.3493 43.4570 67.5950                   341.5576 top of towyo @ 6.8 meters. Start new towyo.
  341.3514               H120799C s   341.5597
  341.3514               H120799B e   341.5597
    341.3750 43.5200 67.5655                   341.5833 bottom of towyo @202m/226 m
  341.3854 43.5402 67.5558 30 e/s               341.5938 change tapes. DAT had run out.
  341.3856 43.5410 67.5553               029 e 341.5940 stop RTVPR 14:15:17
  341.3860 43.5410 67.5553               030 s 341.5944 start RTVPR 14:16:18
5JBSN3 341.4042 43.5813 67.5363                   341.6125 top of towyo @ 3.4 m. sensor out. start new towyo.
  341.4076 43.5877 67.5332   s3410947 e/s           341.6160 new HTI file.
  341.4306 43.6380 67.5093                   341.6389 bottom of towyo @ 205 m/229 m
  341.4333               H120799C e   341.6417 stopped transmitting; spare power cycled
  341.4389               H120799D s   341.6472
    341.4514 -- --                   341.6597 deviation from course to avoid fishing gear.
  341.4590 43.6960 67.4862                   341.6674 top of towyo @ 3.4 m. sensor out. start new towyo.
5JBSN4 341.4632 43.7033 67.4823       BM2_009 e/s       341.6715 top of towyo @ 3.4 m. sensor out. start new towyo.
  341.4674 43.7188 67.4755 31 e/s               341.6757 change tapes.
  341.4710 43.7213 67.4745               030 e 341.6793 stop RTVPR 16:18:01
  341.4714 43.7213 67.4745               031 s 341.6797 start RTVPR 16:19:21
  341.4833 43.7443 67.4625                   341.6917 bottom of towyo @ 195 m/218 m
  341.5083 43.7910 67.4377                   341.7167 top of towyo, back down to 10 meters for CTD
  341.5160 43.7907 67.4323   S3411223 s           341.7243 new HTI file.
  341.5160 43.7907 67.4323   S3410947 e           341.7243 end HTI
27 341.5236 43.7851 67.4207                   341.7319 CTD in water
28 341.5417 43.7798 67.4132                   341.7500 CTD on board
6JBNS1 341.5458 43.7720 67.4135               341.7542 Towyo down from 6JBNS1 after CTD
  341.5465               H120799E s   341.7549
    341.5465               H120799D e   341.7549
    341.5472 -- --               341.7556 fixed radio to get transmission from bridge
  341.5549 43.7505 67.4133 31 e               341.7632 change tapes.
  341.5553 43.7505 67.4133               031 e 341.7636 tape change
  341.5556 -- --               032 s 341.7639 new tape
  341.5556 -- -- 32 s               341.7639 tape change
  341.5558 -- --                   341.7641 RTVPR STOP
  341.5561 -- --                   341.7644 RTVPR started
  341.5653 -- --                   341.7736 Towyo at 182/207m, 368 wire out
6JBNS2 341.5840 43.6798 67.4143                   341.7924 Top of towyo at surface; start 6JBNS2
  341.6083 43.6212 67.4148                   341.8167 bottom of towyo @ 192/217m, 420 m wire out
  341.6083 -- --                   341.8167 slow turn started to new line
6JBNS3 341.6299 43.5698 67.4167                   341.8382 top of towyo, begin 6JBNS3
  341.6403 43.5440 67.4168 33 s               341.8486 new tape
  341.6403 43.5440 67.4168 32 e               341.8486 tape change.
  341.6405 43.5440 67.4168               032 e 341.8488 tape ended
  341.6408 -- --               033 s 341.8491 new tape
  341.6409 -- --                   341.8492 RTVPR started
  341.6410 -- --                   341.8493 STROBE OFF (during tape change?)
  341.6428 -- --                   341.8511 RESTART STROBE
  341.6458 -- --                   341.8542 start slow turn
  341.6521 43.5232 67.3993                   341.8604 BIOENG error #70 recovered without restart-- permission denied
  341.6563 -- --                   341.8646 Nifty wave at 100 meters, near thermocline
  341.6563               H120799E e   341.8646
    341.6569               H120799F s   341.8653
    341.6576 43.5212 67.3678                   341.8660 bottom of towyo
  341.6688 43.5177 67.3458                   341.8771 Drop out on all 10 ducers
7JBWE1 341.6792 43.5140 67.3088                   341.8875 top of towyo @ 8m
  341.7049 43.5067 67.2260                   341.9132 Bottom of towyo 191.4/221.4m
  341.7222 43.4987 67.1495                   341.9306 Top of towyo.
  341.7250 43.4993 67.1113 34 e/s               341.9333 Stop tape 33 and start tape 34
  341.7253 -- --               033 e 341.9337 power on/off again stop tape 033
  341.7256 43.4993 67.1113               034 s 341.9339 start tape 034 and RTVPR
  341.7403 -- --   S3411223 e BM2_009 e       341.9486 ends of tapes and files
  341.7424 43.4985 67.1477     BM2_010 s       341.9507 Computer Crash 17:48 ESS + SONAR
  341.7424 -- --                   341.9507 computer (hTI) crash power down. restart
  341.7424 -- --                   341.9507 RTVPR Crashed and restarted
  341.7450 43.4998 67.1510                   341.9534 VPR camara an VPR stroke on. HTI still not connecting to network.
  341.7479 43.5008 67.1547   S3411756 s           341.9563 Restart
  341.7535 43.5027 67.1578               034 e 341.9618 stop tape and RTVPR
  341.7535 43.5047 67.1580 34 e               341.9618 Pull BIOMAPER-II . Power Down.
  341.7542 43.5050 67.1580   S3411756 e BM2_010 e       341.9625 End ESS and HTI files.
  341.7556               H120799F e   341.9639 BIOMAPER-II recovery
29 341.7583 43.5087 67.1597                   341.9667 BIOMAPER-II recovery
  341.7583 -- --         341.9667 BMP out for storm
30 342.7771 42.4922 67.3298                   342.9854 BIOMAPER-II deploy
  342.7771 42.4922 67.3307 35 s S3421841 s BM2_011 s       342.9854 BIOMAPER-II in the water start HTI ESS
  342.7787 42.4919 67.3287               035 s 342.9870 start tape 035
  342.7790 42.4923 67.3263               342.9874 start RTVPR Change setting on RTVPR Threshold = 50 In Focus=40
  342.7813               H120899A s   342.9896 BIOMAPER-II recovered
1GBWE1 342.7819 42.4922 67.3205                   342.9903 Start down with first towyo in GB
  342.7915 42.4923 67.2860               035 e 342.9998 stop tape 035
  342.7916 42.4923 67.2860               343.0000 stop RTVPR
  342.7917 42.4923 67.2898 35 e               343.0000 Tape change at 00.00 GMT
  342.7918 42.4923 67.2860               036 s 343.0001 start RTVPR start tape36
  342.7924 42.4923 67.2860 36 s               343.0007 start new DAT tape
  342.7952 42.4925 67.1873                   343.0035 VPR failure at 266 bottom of Towyo
  342.8229 42.4932 67.2048                   343.0313 bottom of towyo @ 289 m/330 m
  342.8229 42.4932 67.2048                   343.0313 VPR failure at 289 meters Bring Biomapper up
  342.8243 42.4923 67.2012                   343.0326 VPR self restart 270 meters
  342.8277 42.4927 67.1927                   343.0361 Biomapper down for testing VPR
  342.8292 42.4927 67.1927                   343.0375 return to 289 m to test vpr
  342.8333 42.4933 67.1773                   343.0417 VPR on and off at 231.81 meters
  342.8350 42.4933 67.1742                   343.0434 VPR self started 225 meters
  342.8357 42.4935 67.1725                   343.0440 RTVPR started
OUT 342.8625 42.4940 67.1030                   343.0708 biomapper 10 meters prepare for recovery
  342.8667               H120899A e   343.0750
    342.8674 42.4940 67.0912                   343.0757 shutting down HTI file
  342.8681 -- -- 36 e               343.0764 ess powered down stop DAT tape 36
  342.8688 -- --                   343.0771 stop VPR tape 36
  342.8688 42.4940 67.0912               36 e 343.0771 end tape 36
  342.8694 -- --   S3421841 e BM2_011 e       343.0778 Shut down EMS Exit Bio_Eng
IN 342.8944 42.4960 67.0783       BM2_012 s       343.1028 Biomapper deployed start HTI and ess
32 342.8944 42.4960 67.0783                   343.1028 Deploy BIOMAPER-II
  342.8972               H120899B s   343.1056
    342.8977 42.4960 67.0788               37 s 343.1060 start tape 37 RTVPR 02:33:05
  342.8979 42.4960 67.0783 37 s s3422134 s           343.1063 Start acoustics tape 37
31 342.9097 42.4940 67.0912                   343.1181 BIOMAPER-II recovery for VPR
  342.9181 -- --                   343.1264 Blue screen of death on HTI ACQ
  342.9250 -- --   S3422210 e/s           343.1333 HTI back on line; new file
  342.9514 -- --                   343.1597 vertical lines in echogram windows
1GBWE2 342.9813 -- --                   343.1896 begin towyo moc is recovered; fish @ 15m; begin 1GBWE2
  342.9840 42.4883 66.9952 37 e               343.1924 end tape 37
  342.9840 42.4883 66.9952 38 s               343.1924 start new DAT tape
  342.9843 42.4888 66.9962               37 e 343.1926 stop tpe stop RTVPR 04:37:07
  342.9846 42.4888 66.9962               38 s 343.1929 start tape 38; RTVPR 04:38:31
  343.0028 -- --                   343.2111 great tails, siphon, etc
  343.0174 42.4903 66.9115                   343.2257 bottom of towyo 245/285m 568 wire out
  343.0215               H120999I e   343.2299
    343.0361 -- --                   343.2444 drop out 120 downward looking
  343.0368               H120899B e   343.2451
    343.0375               H120999A s   343.2458
1GBWE3 343.0444 42.4913 66.8318   S3432210 e           343.2528 new HTI and top of towyo; begin 1GBWE3
  343.0458 -- --   S3430106 s           343.2542 time base 1 minute off GPS; should resync soon ! (ag)
  343.0681 -- -- 38 e               343.2764 tape change.
  343.0686 -- --               38 e 343.2769 tape change
  343.0688 42.4925 66.7635 39 s               343.2771 tape change.
  343.0688 42.4925 66.7635               39 s 343.2771 new tape
  343.0692 -- --                   343.2775 start RTVPR
  343.0722 42.4918 66.7553                   343.2806 37 meters off bottom at 289; 600 meters wire out
1GBWE4 343.1014 42.4948 66.6630                   343.3097 top of towyo; begin 1GBWE4
  343.1333 42.4955 66.5603                   343.3417 bottom of towyo at 246 m, 32.4 meters off bottom
  343.1535 42.4957 66.4977 40 e/s               343.3618 tape change.
  343.1537 42.4957 66.4977               40 e/s 343.3620 tape change
  343.1541 -- --                   343.3624 RTVPR stop
  343.1549 -- --                   343.3632 RTVPR (re)start
1GBWE5 343.1625 42.4963 66.4678                   343.3708 top of towyo ; begin 1GBWE5
  343.1674 42.4968 66.4567   s3430106 e           343.3757 lost connection to DES-cycling sonar
  343.1688 42.4968 66.4567   s3430403 s           343.3771 restart
  343.1917 42.4973 66.3892                   343.4000 bottom of towyo at 206m/236m
  343.1931 42.4973 66.3875       BMT-013 s       343.4014 start new ess
  343.1931 42.4973 66.3875       BM2-012 e       343.4014 end aquisition start new ess
1GBWE6 343.2174 42.4978 66.3168                   343.4257 surface @4.4m start next towyo; begin 1GBEW6
  343.2382 42.4995 66.2705 41 e/s               343.4465 tape change 040 to 041
  343.2382 42.4992 66.2713               40 e 343.4465 stop tape 040
  343.2384 42.4993 66.2705               41 s 343.4468 start tape 041
  343.2390 42.5000 66.2680                   343.4473 start RTVPR
  343.2438 42.4993 66.2562                   343.4521 bottom of towyo 196.7m/226.7m
  343.2549 42.4993 66.2350   s3430403 e           343.4632 HTI computer crash, lost connection to whoi, restart.
  343.2569 42.4995 66.2303   s3430610 s           343.4653 new HTI file
1NECNS1 343.2715 42.5000 66.2007                   343.4799 surface @ 5m starting ship turn; 2GBNS1
  343.3000 42.4675 66.1522                   343.5083 bottom of towyo 200/230m
  343.3035               H120999B s   343.5118
    343.3035               H120999A e   343.5118
    343.3236 42.4389 66.1139               42 e/s 343.5319 end tape 41 start tape 42
1NECNS2 343.3236 42.4385 66.1117                   343.5319 Top of towyo start towyo 2GBNS2
  343.3236 42.4385 66.1117 41 e               343.5319 end tape 41 (fail to) start 42
  343.3319 42.4285 66.1000 42 s               343.5403 tape change
  343.3521 42.4038 66.0667                   343.5604 Bottom of Towyo 225 meters
1NECNS3 343.3806 42.3687 66.0200                   343.5889 Top of Towyo at 4 meters 2GBNS3
  343.3882               H120999B e   343.5965
    343.3889               H120999C s   343.5972
    343.4083 42.3300 65.9692 42 e               343.6167 Bottom of Towyo 210 meters Water Depth 240 m (Phil flew here)
  343.4119 42.3227 65.9595               42 e 343.6202 Stop RTVPR @ 14:53:00 Stop Tape 42
  343.4126 42.3227 65.9595               43 s 343.6210 Start tape 43, start RTVPR 14:54:30
  343.4139 42.3222 65.9583 43 s s3430957 e/s           343.6222 New Tape 43 New HTI File
1NECNS4 343.4375 -- --                   343.6458 top of towyo (missed entry)
  343.4426 42.2822 65.9238                   343.6509 Restart RTVPR after program crashed
  343.4583 -- --                   343.6667 Bottom of Towyo (missed entry)
  343.4799               H120999C e   343.6882
    343.4799               H120999D s   343.6882
1NECNS5 343.4833 42.2220 65.7583                   343.6917 top of towyo. start towyo .
  343.4864 42.2137 65.8142                   343.6947 RTVPR barfed restarted 16:41:33
  343.4966 42.1952 65.7895               43 e 343.7049 stop RTVPR 16:54:53
  343.4971 42.1952 65.7895               44 s 343.7054 start RTVPR 16:56:02
  343.4972 42.1833 65.7917 44 e/s               343.7056 change tapes.
  343.5035 42.1667 65.7500                   343.7118 bottom of towyo
LT STA 343.5243 42.1462 65.7263                   343.7326 top of towyo; hold at surface for light stn and MOC
  343.5247 42.1420 65.7180                   343.7330 mvc15040 occ error msg
  343.5250 -- --                   343.7333 drop out 420 up(?) and 43khz up(?)
  343.5271 -- --   s2430957 e           343.7354 CHANGE TAPES
  343.5278 -- --   s2431240 s           343.7361 VPR DIED new HTI
  343.5285 42.1428 65.7158       bm2-014 e/s       343.7368 new ESS
  343.5302 42.1427 65.7150                   343.7385 RTVPR program rebooted
35 343.5319 42.1427 65.7150                   343.7403 Deploy RAD
  343.5424 -- --                   343.7507 winch dropped fish to 12 m, while stopped; WAVE on HTI
36 343.5576 42.1363 65.6942                   343.7660 Recover RAD
  343.5604 -- --                   343.7688 sounder off Illeagal operation/ shut down acoustics computer
37 343.5639 42.1257 65.6850                   343.7722 Deploy CTD
  343.5785               H120999D e   343.7868
    343.5785               H120999E s   343.7868
    343.5822 42.1245 65.6835               44 e 343.7905 stop tape
  343.5840 -- -- 44 e s3431401 s           343.7924 new HTI file acoustic system restarted;VPR off
  343.5840 42.1245 65.6835 45 s               343.7924 tape change
  343.5842 42.1245 65.6835               45 e/s 343.7925 start tape
  343.5845 42.1245 65.6835               343.7928 RTVPR off
  343.5847 42.1245 65.6835                   343.7930 start RTVPR
39 343.5938 42.1225 65.6850                   343.8021 Deploy MOC 1
38 343.6181 42.1367 65.6933                   343.8264 Recover CTD
  343.6375               H120999E e   343.8458
    343.6375               H120999F s   343.8458
  40 343.6438 42.1300 65.7062                   343.8521 Recover MOC 1
  343.6458 42.1298 65.7048   s3431401 e           343.8542
    343.6465 42.1298 65.7048   s3431531 s           343.8549 noise test
  343.6535 -- -- 45 e s3431531 e           343.8618 end tapes -taken out for syncronization
  343.6535 42.1245 65.6835                   343.8618 stop RTVPR
  343.6535               H120999F e   343.8618 BIOMAPER-II powered down
  343.6542 -- --       bm2-014 e       343.8625
    343.6549 -- --                   343.8632 sonar spare ess off power cycling
  343.6618 -- --                   343.8701 clocks synced/power up
  343.6632 -- --                   343.8715 BIOENG up spare ess sonar (power up)
  343.6646               H120999G s   343.8729
    343.6653 -- --   s3430358 s/e           343.8736 start and end of HTI due to Mishap in clock syncronization
  343.6674 42.1383 65.7498   s3431601 s bm2-015 s       343.8757 start of HTI file
  343.6681 -- -- 46 s               343.8764 tapes started
  343.6688 42.1397 65.7538               46 e/s 343.8771 start RTVPR
2NECSN1 343.6694 42.1398 65.7538                   343.8778 TOWYO DOWN 2NECSN1
  343.6708 42.1410 65.7570                   343.8792 restart RTVPR
  343.6951 42.1568 65.8183                   343.9035 Bottom of TOWYO @ 218.8m/248.8m
2NECSN2 343.7229 42.1762 65.8885                   343.9313 top of towyo. begining down again
  343.7396                       343.9479 Error: attempt to connect to [ ] failed com port replicator
    343.7417                 H120999G e     343.9500 stopped transmitting
    343.7507                 H120999H s     343.9590 back up after spare power cycled
    343.7507 42.1955 65.9612                     343.9590 Bottom of TOWYO @195/225
    343.7528 42.1963 65.9645                 46 e 343.9611 stop tape 046 and RTVPR
    343.7528 42.1962 65.9640 47 s                 343.9611 Start tape 47
    343.7528 42.1963 65.9645                 47 s 343.9611 start tape 047
    343.7528 42.1962 65.9640 46 e                 343.9611 End tape 46
2NECSN3   343.7729 42.2152 66.0358                     343.9813 Top of TOWYO
    343.7750 42.2168 66.0417                     343.9833 BIOMAPER-II at surface, start next towyo
  343.7910 42.2320 66.0990 47 e               343.9993 End tape 47 (GMT midnight)
  343.7916 42.2320 66.0992               47 e 343.9999 GMT midnight stop tape 047
  343.7917 42.2320 66.0992               48 s 344.0000 start tape 048
  343.7917 42.2320 66.0990 48 s               344.0000 Start tape 48
  343.8049 42.2423 66.1370                   344.0132 Bottom of TOWYO 222/252m
  343.8160 -- --                   344.0243 Ship at GB4 Turning on to Georges Basin trackline
2GBEW1 343.8347 42.2832 66.2313                   344.0431 Top of tow-yo @ 5m
  343.8375 42.2873 66.2397   S3432006 e/s           344.0458 New HTI file
  343.8576 42.3182 66.3022                   344.0660 bottom of towyo 204 m/230 m
  343.8750 -- --               48 e 344.0833 tape 048 ran out; RTVPR STOP 02:03:47
  343.8778 42.3488 66.3638 49 e/s               344.0861 change tapes
  343.8782 42.3497 66.3655               49 s 344.0865 02:04:55 START RTVPR
  343.8813 -- --                   344.0896 BIOMAPER-II @ 10 m to avoid fishing gear
  343.8833 -- --                   344.0917 turn toward next tranesct line
2GBEW2 343.8875 42.3657 66.3975                   344.0958 recommence towyo descent
  343.8931               H120999I s   344.1014
    343.8931               H120999H e   344.1014
  33 343.9014 42.4960 67.0767                   344.1097 Deploy MOC
  343.9153 42.4157 66.4865                   344.1236 bottom of towyo 225 m/280 m
MOC 343.9375 42.4210 66.5640                   344.1458 top of towyo. @ 10 m for MOCNESS
41 343.9493 42.4193 66.5690                   344.1576 Deploy MOC 1
  343.9625 42.4122 66.5897 49 e               344.1708 change tapes
  343.9627 42.4122 66.5900               49 e 344.1711 Stop RTVPR 04:06:07; stop tape
  343.9631 42.4120 66.5900               50 s 344.1715 new tape; start RTVPR 04:08:06
  343.9646 42.4122 66.5897 50 s S3432309 e/s           344.1729 new HTI file
34 343.9681 42.4917 67.0315                   344.1764 Recover MOC
42 344.0146 42.3880 66.6273                   344.2229 Recover MOC 1
  344.0222               H121099A s   344.2306
2GBEW3 344.0257 42.3842 66.6363                   344.2340 start towyo down after moc
  344.0458 42.3478 66.6888 51 e/s               344.2542 tape change
  344.0461 42.3482 66.6888               51 e/s 344.2544 stop RTVPR new tape
  344.0521 -- --               344.2604 had to make new tape directory; RTVPR started
  344.0563 42.3347 66.7093                   344.2646 bottom of towyo 249/310 meters; 800 meters wire out
  344.0569 -- --       BM2_015 e       344.2653 END ESS
  344.0583 -- --       BM2_016 s       344.2667 VPR on NEW ESS
  344.0590 -- --   S3432309 e           344.2674 END DES
  344.0590 42.3310 66.7167   S3440125 s           344.2674 START DES
2GBEW4 344.0924 42.2798 66.7910                   344.3007 start down on next towyo
  344.1049               H121099A e   344.3132
    344.1049               H121099B s   344.3132
    344.1271 42.2752 66.8633                   344.3354 bottom of towyo 250/279.4; 740 meters wire out
  344.1326 42.2820 66.8785 52 e/s               344.3410 change tapes
  344.1332 42.2823 66.8790               51 e 344.3415 RTVPR stopped
  344.1338 42.2823 66.8790               52 s 344.3421 RTVPR started
2GBEW5 344.1549 42.3050 66.9272                   344.3632 towyo starts down from boot @ surface
  344.1813               H121099B e   344.3896 short break in data towards end of file
  344.1813               H121099C s   344.3896
    344.1896 42.3443 67.0134                   344.3979 Bottom of towyp 235/308m. 800m of wire out.
  344.1986 42.3565 67.0383   S3440125 e           344.4069 HTI Computer crash. Hard Reboot. Cycle power. Dat tape paused?
  344.2035 42.3628 67.0516   S3440453 s           344.4118 Restart HTI. New HTI file.
  344.2167 42.3798 67.0880 53 e/s               344.4250 Tape change. End 52, start 53.
  344.2167 42.3793 67.0873               52 e 344.4250 Tape change. End tape 052.
  344.2167 42.3793 67.0873               53 s 344.4250 Start tape 053.
2GBEW6 344.2181 42.3820 67.0932                   344.4264 Surface @ 4.1m. Start next towyo.
  344.2340 42.4037 67.1393                   344.4424 Stop towyo at 124m.Hold for turn.
  344.2389 42.4030 67.1533                   344.4472 Start back down on towyo.
  344.2535 42.3843 67.1950                   344.4618 Hold at 240m. (795 m wire out). something caught on the cable? Capture screen.
  344.2549 42.3820 67.1993                   344.4632 Start back up. The thing is still there.
  344.2813 42.3412 67.2928                   344.4896 Held BIOMAPER-II at surface while we freed a lobster line 4m above BIOMAPER-II .
2GBEW7 344.3014 42.3215 67.3392 54 e/s               344.5097 Tape change. End 53 start 54.
  344.3019 42.3212 67.3380               53 e 344.5102 End Tape 053. Stop RTVPR
  344.3023 42.3212 67.3380               54 s 344.5106 Start Tape 054. Start RTVPR
  344.3035               H121099C e   344.5118
    344.3035               H121099D s   344.5118
    344.3139 42.3053 67.3745                   344.5222 Bottom of towyo at 234.4/287m. Wire out=800m.
  344.3222 42.2947 67.4005                   344.5306 Scope shows no trace. Stop and start DAT tape. Recovered.
  344.3361               H121099D e   344.5444 stopped transmitting; spare power cycled
  344.3375               H121099E s   344.5458
    344.3458 42.2620 67.4737                   344.5542 BIOMAPER-II @ 10 m
  344.3507               H121099E e   344.5590 recover BIOMAPER-II
  344.3507 42.2557 67.4875 54 e S3340453 e BM2_016 e       344.5590 End HTI file, tapes; power down BIOMAPER-II
  344.3514 42.2553 67.4880               54 e 344.5597 End RTVPR @ 13:25:23. Stop Tape 054
43 344.3597 42.2553 67.4880                   344.5681 Recover BMP/ steam CCB
  344.3597 42.2553 67.4880                   344.5681 Recover BIOMAPER-II
44 345.5451 41.9770 70.1312                   345.7535 Deploy BIOMAPER-II film
45 345.5639 41.9830 70.1447                   345.7722 Recover BIOMAPER-II film
46 346.4715 42.2067 70.4300                   346.6799 Deploy BIOMAPER-II
  346.4743 -- --       BM2-017 s       346.6826 start ess
  346.4778 -- --                   346.6861 restarted ess
  346.4785 -- --   s3461129 s           346.6868 restart HTI FILE
  346.4799 -- -- 55 s               346.6882 Start dat tapes
  346.4799 42.2217 70.4422                   346.6882 start of towyo
  346.4803 42.2217 70.4422               55 s 346.6887 start tape 55; start RTVPR 16:31:52
  346.4868 42.2305 70.4495                   346.6951 bottom of towyo
  346.4917 42.2388 70.4472                   346.7000 to of towyo (the optics broke the surface)
  346.4924 42.2388 70.4440                   346.7007 holding BIOMAPER-II at 5m
47 346.5056 42.2213 70.4415                   346.7139 DEPLOY LIGHT STATION
48 346.5194 42.2213 70.4410                   346.7278 RECOVER LIGHT STATION
  346.5208 -- --                   346.7292 RTVPR crashed/reset
49 346.5243 42.2200 70.4450                   346.7326 DEPLOY CTD
  346.5313 -- --                   346.7396 restart RTVPR
  346.5410 42.2278 70.4510                   346.7493 start towyo after light station
  346.5465 42.2382 70.4592                   346.7549 botom of towyo 50/74m 56m wire out
  346.5542 -- --                   346.7625 end ESS and HTI
  346.5549 42.2488 70.4678               55 e 346.7632 stop RTVPR; tape off 1820
  346.5556 42.2488 70.4678                   346.7639 power down
50 346.5764 42.2220 70.4457                   346.7847 RECOVER CTD
51 346.6090 42.2498 70.4732                   346.8174 RECOVER BIOMAPER-II
52 346.6944 42.2307 69.7835                   346.9028 DEPLOY BIOMAPER-II
  346.7014 -- --   s3461645 e           346.9097 problem syncing clocks restart HTI file after syncing
  346.7021 42.2367 69.7808   s3461561 s           346.9104 new HTI file
  346.7049 42.2385 69.7813 56 s               346.9132 start dat #56 (5 meters on ess =0m line out =top of boot tape at surface)
  346.7055 42.2382 69.7815               56 s 346.9138 start tape 56
  346.7067 42.2387 69.7800                   346.9150 start RTVPR
53 346.7090 42.2397 69.7793                   346.9174 DEPLOY MOCNESS
  346.7146 42.2435 69.7778                   346.9229 bottom of first towyo at 30 m starting up @2.5 meters per mineute
  346.7167 42.2307 69.7835   s3461645 s BM2_018 s       346.9250 start up system
  346.7174 -- --                   346.9257 top of towyo 2
  346.7188 -- --                   346.9271 Bottom of towy 2
  346.7201 42.2468 69.7765                   346.9285 top of towyo 3
  346.7215 -- --                   346.9299 Bottom of towyo 3
  346.7222 42.2492 69.7757                   346.9306 top of towyo 4
  346.7229 -- --                   346.9313 Bottom of towyo 4
  346.7243 42.2507 69.7753                   346.9326 top of towyo 5
  346.7250 -- --                   346.9333 bottom of towyo 5
  346.7271 42.2527 69.7748                   346.9354 top of towyo 6
  346.7285 42.2533 69.7745                   346.9368 bottom of towyo 6
  346.7292 42.2560 69.7743                   346.9375 top of towyo 7
  346.7299 42.2548 69.7743                   346.9382 bottom of towyo 7
  346.7313 42.2558 69.7738                   346.9396 top of towyo 8
  346.7326 42.2570 69.7735                   346.9410 bottom of towyo 8
  346.7347 42.2585 69.7732                   346.9431 top of towyo 9
  346.7361 42.2595 69.7728                   346.9444 bottom of towyo 9
  346.7375 42.2608 69.7725                   346.9458 top of towyo 10
  346.7396 42.2620 69.7720                   346.9479 bottom of towyo 10
  346.7403 42.2618 69.7718                   346.9486 top of towyo 11
  346.7424 42.2642 69.7715                   346.9507 bottom of towyo 11
  346.7438 42.2655 69.7710                   346.9521 top of towyo 12
  346.7451 42.2663 69.7708                   346.9535 bottom of towyo 12
  346.7458 42.2672 69.7707                   346.9542 top of towyo 13
  346.7486 42.2692 69.7702                   346.9569 bottom of towyo 13
  346.7500 -- --                   346.9583 top of towyo 14 (time uncertain)
  346.7514 -- --                   346.9597 bottom of towyo 14 (time uncertain)
  346.7528 -- --                   346.9611 top of towyo15 (time uncertain)
54 346.7542 42.2732 69.7692                   346.9625 RECOVER MOCNESS
  346.7639 42.2728 69.7602                   346.9722 BIOMAPER-II down to 25m start down @5m per minute
  346.7667 42.2653 69.7563                   346.9750 hold @25m for 6 minutes
  346.7708 42.2568 69.7518                   346.9792 drop to 50m
  346.7736 42.2513 69.7487                   346.9819 hold @50m for6 minutes
  346.7764 42.2457 69.7458   s3461651 e           346.9847 HTI computer crash reboot cycle sonar power re-do 50m depth
  346.7792 42.2395 69.7427   s3461842 s           346.9875 new HTI file hold @ 50m for 6 minutes
  346.7840 42.2303 69.7378                   346.9924 drop to 75m
  346.7868 42.2240 69.7345                   346.9951 hold @75m for 6 minutes
  346.7903 42.2160 69.7312 56 e               346.9986 end #56
  346.7907 42.2160 69.7312               56 e 346.9991 end tape 56
  346.7917 42.2145 69.7307 57 s               347.0000 start #57
  346.7917 42.2145 69.7307               57 s 347.0001 start tape 57
  346.7919 42.2145 69.7307                   347.0002 RTVPR
  346.7944 42.2092 69.7283                   347.0028 hold BIOMAPER-II @ 99.5m for 6 minutes
  346.7986 42.2022 69.7248                   347.0069 drop to 125m
  346.8028 42.1937 69.7207                   347.0111 hold @125m for 6 minutes
  346.8069 42.1860 69.7168                   347.0153 Drop to 150m
  346.8111 42.1780 69.7130                   347.0194 hold @150m for 6 minutes
  346.8132 -- --                   347.0215 accumulator turned on taking up 8m of wire bringing BIOMAPER-II to 142m
  346.8139 42.1713 69.7100                   347.0222 300v forward fault in BIOMAPER-II (minor fault)
  346.8160 42.1697 69.7092                   347.0243 drop to 175m
  346.8229 42.1562 69.7025                   347.0313 hold @175m for 6 minutes
  346.8271 42.1480 69.6988                   347.0354 drop to 190m
  346.8306 42.1423 69.6962                   347.0389 hold @190m for six minutes
  346.8347 42.1340 69.6918                   347.0431 bring BIOMAPER-II to 175m
  346.8368 42.1290 69.6890                   347.0451 hold @ 175 for six minutes
  346.8417 42.1218 69.6855                   347.0500 bring to 150m
  346.8438 42.1180 69.6838                   347.0521 hold @ 150m for 6 minutes
  346.8479 42.1097 69.6797                   347.0563 bring up to 125m
  346.8500 42.1058 69.6777                   347.0583 hold @125m for 6 minutes
  346.8542 42.0978 69.6738                   347.0625 bring up to 100m
  346.8569 42.0927 69.6707                   347.0653 hold @ 100m for six minutes
  346.8611 42.0845 69.6672                   347.0694 bring up to 75 m
  346.8632 42.0815 69.6662                   347.0715 hold @ 75 m for 6min
  346.8674 42.0738 69.6625                   347.0757 bring up to 50 m
  346.8694 42.0703 69.6607                   347.0778 hold at 50 m for 6 min
  346.8736 42.0623 69.6567                   347.0819 bring up to 25 m
  346.8750 42.0600 69.5557                   347.0833 hold @ 25 m for 6 min
  346.8764 42.0570 69.6373 58 e/s               347.0847 change tapes
  346.8765 42.0570 69.6373               57 e 347.0848 end tape 57
  346.8767 42.0567 69.6372               58 s 347.0851 start tape 58
  346.8792 42.0520 69.6518                   347.0875 bring up to 5 m
  346.8931 42.0402 69.6418                   347.1014 mocness/BIOMAPER-II joint tow operations. Moc-1 deployed
55 346.8931 42.1235 69.6418                   347.1014 DEPLOY MOCNESS
  346.8951 42.0415 69.6420                   347.1035 BIOMAPER-II down at 5 m/min
  346.9021 42.0477 69.6425   S3462139 e/s           347.1104 new HTI file; hold @30 m waiting for MOC
  346.9167 42.0602 69.6428                   347.1250 fire net #1; 6 min @ 30 m
  346.9208 -- --                   347.1292 fire net #2; 6 min @ 28 m
  346.9208 42.0642 69.6428                   347.1292 bring up to 28 m
  346.9250 42.0678 69.6438                   347.1333 bring up to 26m
  346.9260 -- --                   347.1344 fire net #3; 6 min @26 m
  346.9302 42.0717 69.6438                   347.1385 bring up to 24m
  346.9306 -- --                   347.1389 fire net #4; 6 min @24 m
  346.9347 42.0767 69.6443                   347.1431 bring up to 22m
  346.9354 -- --                   347.1438 fire net #5; 6 min @22m
  346.9396 42.0812 69.6445                   347.1479 bring up to 20 m
  346.9406 -- --                   347.1490 fire net #6; 5 min @20 m; off by 1 min to sync w/MOC
  346.9441 42.0850 69.6450                   347.1524 bring up to 18m
  346.9448 -- --                   347.1531 fire net #7; 6 min @18m
  346.9490 42.0905 69.6452                   347.1573 bring up to 16m
  346.9493 -- --                   347.1576 fire net #8; 6min @16m
  346.9535 42.0942 69.6455                   347.1618 end experiment; haul BIOMAPER-II to 5m
56 346.9590 42.1000 69.6467                   347.1674 RECOVER MOCNESS
  346.9601 42.0942 69.6455               58 e 347.1684 missed time @ end; assumed end tape 58 for 2 hours...
  346.9639 -- -- 58 e S3462139 e BM2_017 e       347.1722 end acquisition; power down
57 346.9688 42.1088 69.6465                   347.1771 RECOVER BIOMAPER-II
  346.9688 42.1088 69.6465                   347.1771 recovery; BIOMAPER-II out

Appendix V. R/V/ ENDEAVOR Cruise 331 MOCNESS Zooplankton Log.

Haul Net Calanus Euphausiids Euchaeta Small Copepods Salps Limacina Siphonophora Themisto Medusae Clione Chaetognaths Ostracods Other
1 1 VA MA MA 0 0 P P P MA P 0 MA 1 Large Caridean; 1 Fish larvae
2 VA MA A 0 0 P P P P 0 0 0 0
3 VA A P 0 0 P P P 0 P 0 P 0
4 VA MA 0 0 0 P MA P 0 P P 0 0
5 VA P 0 0 0 P MA P 0 0 P 0 0
6 A P 0 P 0 MA MA P 0 0 MA 0 0
7 A P 0 A 0 0 P MA 0 0 P 0 0
8 MA P 0 VA 0 MA P MA 0 0 MA 0 0
2 1 VA MA P 0 0 P 0 P P 0 P 0 2 shrimp, 1 Fish larvae, 1 Tomoptera
2 A MA P 0 0 P P P 0 0 P 0 0
3 A MA P 0 0 MA P P 0 0 P 0 Other shrimp-P
4 A MA P 0 0 MA MA P 0 0 P 0 0
5 A MA P 0 0 P P P 0 P P 0 Candacia sp.-P
6 A A MA MA 0 MA P MA 0 0 P 0 Tomoptera-P
7 MA MA P MA 0 A MA MA 0 P MA 0 0
8 MA A P MA 0 MA P MA 0 0 P 0 1 Fish larvae
3 1 VA 0 VA 0 0 A 0 0 MA P P 0 1 Fish larvae; Ctenophore-P; Other shrimp-P
2 VA 0 MA 0 0 MA P 0 P 0 P 0 0
3 VA 0 P 0 0 P P P P 0 0 0 Tomoptera-P
4 VA 0 P 0 0 P P P 0 P P 0 Caridian shrimp-P
5 VA P MA 0 0 P P P 0 P P 0 0
6 A MA A 0 0 A P P 0 P P 0 Candacia sp.-P
7 A A MA MA 0 P P P P 0 P 0 0
8 A A P VA 0 0 P P P 0 P 0 1 Fish larvae
4 1 VA 0 A 0 0 MA 0 0 P 0 P 0 Caridean shrimp-P
2 VA P P 0 0 P P P 0 0 P 0 0
3 A MA 0 0 0 P P P 0 0 P 0 0
4 VA MA 0 0 0 P P 0 0 0 P 0 0
5 MA 0 0 P 0 MA P P 0 0 P 0 0
6 MA 0 0 A 0 MA P P 0 0 P 0 0
7 P 0 0 A 0 MA P A 0 8 MA 0 0
8 MA 0 0 A 0 A P MA 0 0 A 0 0
Haul Net Calanus Euphausiids Euchaeta Small Copepods Salps Limacina Siphonophora Themisto Medusae Clione Chaetognaths Ostracods Other
5 1 A 0 P 0 0 MA P P P 0 0 0 0
2 VA P P 0 0 0 P P 0 0 0 0 0
3 VA 0 P 0 0 P P P 0 0 0 0 Other shrimp-P
4 MA P P 0 0 P P P 0 P P 0 0
5 MA P P 0 0 A P P 0 0 MA 0 0
6 P P P P 0 P P P 0 0 0 0 Tomoptera -P; Other shrimp-P
7 P P P A 0 P MA P 0 0 P 0 Tomoptera- P; Other shrimp-P
8 P P P A 0 P P P 0 0 P 0 0
6 1 MA P P 0 0 P P MA 0 0 P 0 Fish-P
2 A MA P 0 0 P P MA 0 0 0 0 0
3 MA MA P 0 0 MA P P 0 0 0 0 Candacia-P
4 MA MA MA 0 0 0 P P 0 0 P 0 0
5 A MA MA 0 0 0 MA MA 0 P P 0 0
6 P P A MA 0 P P P 0 0 MA 0 Caridean shrimp-P
7 P MA P A 0 MA P P 0 P A 0 0
8 P MA P VA 0 MA P P 0 P A 0 0
7 1 MA P P 0 0 P 0 P 0 0 MA 0 Metridia-VA
2 P P P 0 0 P P P P 0 P P Metridia-VA
3 P P P 0 0 VA 0 P P 0 MA P Metridia-VA
4 P MA 0 0 0 VA 0 MA 0 0 P P Metridia-MA
5 P P 0 0 0 VA P MA 0 0 A 0 Metridia-A
6 P P 0 P 0 MA P P 0 0 MA P Candacia-P
7 P P 0 MA 0 VA 0 P 0 0 MA 0 Other Medusae-P, 1squid
8 0 P 0 VA 0 VA P MA 0 0 VA 0 0
8 1 A MA P 0 0 0 P MA P 0 P 0 Caridean shrimp
2 VA P P 0 0 P MA MA 0 0 0 0 Caridean shrimp-P; Myctophid-P
3 VA P MA 0 0 A MA MA 0 0 0 0 Caridean Shrimp; 3 Myctophids
4 VA P MA 0 0 0 P P 0 0 P 0 Caridean shrimp-P
5 VA MA MA 0 0 MA MA MA 0 0 P 0 0
6 MA A P 0 0 MA MA MA 0 0 P 0 Caridean shrimp-P
7 P A P A 0 A MA MA 0 P 0 0 0
8 MA A 0 VA 0 A MA A 0 P VA 0 0

Appendix VI. R/V/ ENDEAVOR Cruise 331 Scatterometer Log.

YDay Time min Filename s/e Comments Time
338 15 23 HS120499B s   338.640972222
338 15 52 HS120499B e   338.661111111
338 15 53 HS120499C s   338.661805556
338 16 46 HS120499C e   338.698611111
338 16 51 HS120499D s   338.702083333
338 20 21 HS120499D e   338.847916667
338 20 21 HS120499E s   338.847916667
338 22 22 HS120499E e   338.931944444
338 22 22 HS120499F s   338.931944444
339 00 11 HS120499F e   339.007638889
339 00 12 H120599A s   339.008333333
339 06 22 H120599A e   339.265277778
339 06 22 H120599B s   339.265277778
339 09 17 H120599B e   339.386805556
339 09 29 H120599C s short file 339.395138889
339 11 48 H120599C e short file 339.491666667
339 15 18 H120599D s NO DATA in file 339.637500000
339 20 07 H120599D e NO DATA in file 339.838194444
339 20 11 H120599E s   339.840972222
339 21 11 H120599E e   339.882638889
339 21 20 H120599F s   339.888888889
340 00 01 H120599F e   340.000694444
340 00 03 H120699A s   340.002083333
340 02 02 H120699A e   340.084722222
340 12 13 H120699B s   340.509027778
340 16 07 H120699B e   340.671527778
340 16 07 H120699C s   340.671527778
340 23 35 H120699C e stopped transmitting; spare power cycled 340.982638889
340 23 48 H120799A s   340.991666667
341 06 14 H120699A e   341.259722222
341 06 14 H120799B s   341.259722222
341 08 26 H120799B e   341.351388889
341 08 26 H120799C s   341.351388889
341 10 24 H120799C e stopped transmitting; spare power cycled 341.433333333
341 10 32 H120799D s   341.438888889
341 13 07 H120799D e   341.546527778
341 13 07 H120799E s   341.546527778
341 15 45 H120799E e   341.656250000
341 15 46 H120799F s   341.656944444
341 18 08 H120799F e BIOMAPER-II recovery 341.755555556
342 18 45 H120899A s BIOMAPER-II recovered 342.781250000
342 20 48 H120899A e   342.866666667
342 21 32 H120899B s   342.897222222
343 00 53 H120899B e   343.036805556
343 00 54 H120999A s   343.037500000
343 07 17 H120999A e   343.303472222
343 07 17 H120999B s   343.303472222
343 09 19 H120999B e   343.388194444
343 09 20 H120999C s   343.388888889
343 11 31 H120999C e   343.479861111
343 11 31 H120999D s   343.479861111
343 13 53 H120999D e   343.578472222
343 13 53 H120999E s   343.578472222
343 15 18 H120999E e   343.637500000
343 15 18 H120999F s   343.637500000
343 15 41 H120999F e BIOMAPER-II powered down 343.653472222
343 15 57 H120999G s   343.664583333
343 17 48 H120999G e stopped transmitting 343.741666667
343 17 45     Error: attempt to connect to [ ] failed com port replicator 343.739583333
343 18 01 H120999H s back up after spare power cycled 343.750694444
343 21 26 H120999H e   343.893055556
343 21 26 H120999I s   343.893055556
343 00 31 H120999I e   343.021527778
344 00 32 H121099A s   344.022222222
344 02 31 H121099A e   344.104861111
344 02 31 H121099B s   344.104861111
344 04 21 H121099B e short break in data towards end of file 344.181250000
344 04 21 H121099C s   344.181250000
344 07 17 H121099C e   344.303472222
344 07 17 H121099D s   344.303472222
344 08 04 H121099D e stopped transmitting; spare power cycled 344.336111111
344 08 06 H121099E s   344.337500000
344 08 25 H121099E e recover BIOMAPER-II 344.350694444
346 11 22 H121299A s   346.473611111
346 12 59 H121299A e   346.540972222
346 12 59 H121299B s   346.540972222
346 13 18 H121299B e   346.554166667
346 16 43 H121299C s   346.696527778
346 19 13 H121299C e   346.800694444
346 19 13 H121299D s   346.800694444
346 21 31 H121299D e   346.896527778
346 21 31 H121299E s   346.896527778
346 23 08 H121299E e   346.963888889