LMG02_01A Cruise Data Report February 6 – March 3, 2002 Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS C INTRODUCTION 1 ARCHIVE DATA EXTRACTION 2 DISTRIBUTION CONTENTS 3 ADCP 3 CTD 3 CRUISE TRACK 3 PUV – GUV (NOT COLLECTED ON EVERY CRUISE-REMOVE IF NOT PRESENT) 3 ISOBAR CHARTS 4 DATA AND SCIENCE REPORT 4 LMG JGOFS DATA PRODUCTS 4 RVDAS 5 Data File Names and Structures 6 XBT 11 PROCESSING NOTES 11 LMG02_01 SENSORS 13 SHIPBOARD SENSORS 13 LMG02_01 CTD SENSORS: 13 ACQUISITION PROBLEMS AND EVENTS 13 CALIBRATION DATA 14 Introduction The LMG data acquisition systems continuously log data from a suite of instrumentation throughout the cruise. This document describes the format of that data and its location on the distribution CDs. It also contains important information which may affect how this data is processed such as instrument failures or other known problems with acquisition. The data collected during this cruise is distributed on a CD-ROM written in ISO9660 level-1 format. This data format has very strict requirements on filenames and organization. However, it is readable by virtually every computing platform. All of the data has been compressed using Unix “gzip” compression. Gzipped files have a “.gz” extension. Tools are available on all platforms for uncompressing and de-archiving these formats. On Macintosh, Stuffit Expander with DropStuff will open a tar archive and uncompress gzipped and Unix compressed files. For Windows9X, WinZip, a shareware utility included on this CD (remember, it is shareware) will open these files. IMPORTANT: Read the last section in this document, Acquisition Problems and Events, for important information that may affect the processing of this data. Archive Data Extraction It is often useful to know exactly how an archive was produced when expanding its contents. Tar files were created using the following commands: tar cvLf archive-file files-to-be-archived To create a list of the files in the archive: tar tvf archive-file > contents.list To extract the files from the archive: tar xvf archive-file file(s)-to-extract G-zipped files will have a “.gz” extension on the filename. These files can be decompressed after de- archiving, using: gunzip filename.gz The directories in the archive are structured in the following manner: ADCP /LMG02_01A /Pingdata Cal/ Ctd /Process /Process2 /Process3 /Raw Isobars/ JGOF/ lmgjgof.tar LMG02-1A-Cruise-Report LMG02-1A-cruise-track LMG02-1A-CTD LMG02-1A-depth-survey LMG02-1a-met Map/ Pics/ QC_Plots/ Report/ .doc, .html, .txt rvdas/ lmguw.tar lmgnav.tar Salts/ Utility/ Winzip Aladdin Mac XBT/ XCTD/ Instrument.coeff Distribution Contents ADCP Adcp/ The ADCP data set is broken up into files representing 24 hours of data collection. The files are named pingdata.xxx (xxx representing a day number). Note that these extensions do NOT represent Julian day numbers. Please refer to the file’s creation date. Some ADCP data is also transmitted to RVDAS. East and North vectors for ship’s speed relative to the reference layer and ship’s heading are archived in the navigational data section of RVDAS. CTD Ctd/ Process/ preliminary process results Process2/ first revision files Process3/ final revision files Raw/ unprocessed data For more information and updated software visit the web site at www.seabird.com. Cruise Track PostScript and JPG cruise track plots have been produced for this cruise: LTER_Map.ps and LTER_Map.jpg. PUV – GUV Not used this cruise. Isobar Charts Isobars/ Analysis of mean sea level pressure from the National Center for Environmental Prediction's Medium Range Forecast Model. Updated every 12 hours. Satellite Images processed for this cruise were organized into three folders cwifs, ice and wx for the different types of teraScan products. Files were named in the following convetion: YYJJJ.HH.gif where: YY = year JJJ = Julian day HH = UTC time of report Data and Science Report Report/ Copies of this report in MS Word, HTML, and text formats. The weekly science reports in text format may be included upon request of the Principal Investigator. LMG JGOFS Data Products JGOF/ The JGOFS data set consists of a single file produced each day named jg.dat.gz where is the day the data was acquired. The “.gz” extension indicates that the individual files are compressed before archiving. The daily file consists of 22 separate columnar fields in text format, which are described below. The JGOFS data set is obtained primarily by applying calibrations to raw data and decimating to whole minute intervals. However, several fields are derived measurements from more than a single raw input. Note: Null, unused, or unknown fields are filled with 9’s in the JGOFS data. Additionally, 3 separate QC plots are generated daily by the ET using the JGOFS data set. These plots include TSG and Bathymetry data, meteorological data, and navigation data. The files are called ocean.ps, met.ps, and nav.ps respectively. Field Data Units 01 GMT date dd/mm/yy 02 GMT time hh:mm:ss 03 PCOD latitude (negative is South) Ddd.dddd 04 PCOD longitude (negative is West) Ddd.dddd 05 Ships speed Knots 06 GPS HDOP - 07 Gyro Heading Degrees (azimuth) 08 Course over ground Degrees (azimuth) 09 Mast PAR ?Einsteins/meters2 sec 10 Sea surface temperature ?C 11 Not used - 12 Sea surface salinity PSU 13 Sea depth (uncorrected, calc. sw sound vel. 1500 m/s) meters 14 True wind speed (port windbird) meters/sec 15 True wind direction (port windbird) degrees (azimuth) 16 Ambient air temperature ?C 17 Relative humidity % 18 Barometric pressure mBars 19 Sea surface fluorometry volts (0-5 FSO) 20 Not used - 21 PSP W/m2 22 PIR W/m2 RVDAS rvdas/ RVDAS (Research Vessel Data Acquisition System) was developed at Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University and has been used on the R/V Maurice Ewing for several years. It was adapted for use on the Nathaniel B. Palmer and her sister ship, the R/V Laurence M. Gould. Below you will find detailed information on the data included. Be sure to read the “Significant Acquisition Events” section below for important information about data acquisition during this cruise. Meteorological and Light Data Measurement File ID Collect. Status Rate Instrument Air Temperature lmet continuous 1 sec R. M. young 41372VC Relative Humidity lmet continuous 1 sec R. M. young 41372VC Wind Speed/Direction lmet continuous 1 sec R. M. young 5106 PIR (LW radiation) lmet continuous 1 sec Eppley PIR PSP (SW radiation) lmet continuous 1 sec Eppley PSP Photosynthetically- Available Radiation lmet continuous 1 sec BSI QSR-240 Barometer lmet continuous 1 sec R. M. young 61201 Navigational Data Measurement File ID Collect. Status Rate Instrument Attitude GPS lash continuous 1 sec Ashtec ADU-2 P-Code GPS lpcd continuous 1 sec Trimble 20636-00SM Gyro lgyr continuous 0.2 sec Yokohama Gyro Trimble GPS tgps continuous 1 sec NT200 Geophysical Data Measurement File ID Collect. Status Rate Instrument Bathymetry lknu variable Varies Knudsen 320B/R Oceanographic Data Measurement File ID Collect. Status Rate Instrument Salinity ltsg continuous 15 sec SeaBird 21 Sea S Temperature ltsg continuous 15 sec SeaBird 3-01/S Fluorometry (analog) ltsg continuous 15 sec Turner 10-AU-005 ADCP ladc continuous 1 sec RD Instruments Data File Names and Structures RVDAS data is divided into two broad categories, Underway and Navigation. The groups are abbreviated “uw” and “nav”. Thus, these two tar files, lmguw.tar and lmgnav.tar exist under the top-level rvdas directory. The instruments are broken down as shown. Each data file is g-zipped to save space on the distribution. Not all data types are collected everyday or on every cruise. RVDAS data files are named following the convention: LMG[FileID].dDDD. ? The FileID is a 4-character code representing the system being logged, for example: lmet (for meteorology) ? DDD is the Julian day of the data collection Underway Data File ID Navigation Data File ID Meteorolical lmet Gyro Compass lgyr Knudsen lknu P-CODE GPS lpcd Thermosalinograph ltsg Ashtech ADU2 GPS lash ADCP ladc Trimble NT2100 GPS tgps Sound Velocity Probe lsvp Data is received by the RVDAS system via RS-232 serial connections. The data files that comprise the rvdas data set are described below. A time tag is added to each line of data received and the data is written to disk. YY+DDD:HH:MM:SS.SSS [data stream from instrument] Where, YY: two-digit year, DDD: Julian Day, HH: 2 digit hours, MM: 2 digit minutes SS.SSS: seconds. All times are UTC. The delimiters used to separate fields in the raw data files are usually spaces and commas, but other delimiters are used (::, =, @) and occasionally there is no delimiter. Care should be taken when reprocessing the data that the fields separations are clearly understood. An example data lknu 99+099:00:18:19.775 hf,305.2,lf,304.3 Field Data Units 1 RVDAS Time Tag 2 hf – high frequency flag (12 kHz) 3 high fequency depth meters 4 lf – low frequency flag (3.5 kHz) 5 low frequency depth meters lmet 00+040:00:00:00.928 16-10-97 00:01:19 005.53 005.53 005.69 145 141 005.15 005.12 005.15 146 148 004.4 004.4 004.4 94.07 94.06 94.07 0981.40 -0.023 00.292 00.315 Field Data Units 1 RVDAS Time Tag 2 Instrument date dd-mm-yy 3 Instrument time hh:mm:ss 4 Port wind speed (10 second running average) m/s 5 Port wind speed (min for 24 hour cycle) m/s 6 Port wind speed (max for 24 hour cycle) m/s 7 Port wind direction degrees 8 Port wind direction (standard deviation) degrees 9 Starboard wind speed (10 second running average) m/s 10 Starboard wind speed (min for 24 hour cycle) m/s 11 Starboard wind speed (max for 24 hour cycle) m/s 12 Starboard wind direction degrees 13 Starboard wind direction (standard deviation) degrees 14 Temperature ?C 15 Temperature (min for 24 hour cycle) ?C 16 Temperature (max for 24 hour cycle) ?C 17 Relative humidity % 18 Relative humidity (min for 24 hour cycle) % 19 Relative humidity (max for 24 hour cycle) % 20 Barometric pressure millibars 21 PSP (long wave radiometer) Volts 22 PIR (short wave radiometer) Volts 23 PAR (photo-synthetically available radiation, 400 - 700 nm) Volts svp1 00+348:01:59:52.128 1539.40 Field Data Units 1 RVDAS Time Tag 2 Sound velocity m/s ltsg 00+040:00:00:06.153 6926 15.8827 0.2010 2.9218 3.239 4.334e-01 Field Data Units 1 RVDAS Time Tag 2 Scan number 3 Internal water temperature ?C 4 Salinity PSU 5 External water temperature ?C 6 Transmissometer signal Volts 7 Fluorometer signal (analog) Volts ladc 00+019:23:59:59.099 $PUHAW,UVH,-1.48,-0.51,250.6 Field Data Units 1 RVDAS Time Tag 2 $PUHAW 3 UVH (E-W, N-S, Heading) 4 Ship Speed relative to reference layer1 velocity2, East vector knots 5 Ship Speed relative to reference layer1 velocity2, North vector knots 6 Ship heading degrees 1The reference layer is an average velocity measured in a number of depth “bins”. On the LMG, the bins are eight meters deep and bins 3-10 define the reference layer. Hence, the reference layer is the water column from 16-80 meters beneath the ship. 2The speed ouput is water velocity relative to the ship’s hull and is therefore opposite of the actual movement of the ship. For example, if the ship’s heading is due north, the North/South reference layer velocity is likely to be negative (southerly). lash ATTD: Attitude Data 01+081:00:00:00.806 $PASHR,ATT,345605.0,165.03,+001.86,-01.96,0.0018,0.0173,0*22 Field Data Units 1 RVDAS Time Tag $PASHR 2 ATT 3 GPS Time sec. of the week seconds 4 heading (rel. to true North) degrees 5 pitch degrees 6 roll degrees 7 Measuremnet RMS error meters 8 Baseline RMS error meters 9 attitude reset flag GGA: GPS Position Fix – Geoid/Ellipsoid 01+081:00:00:00.966 $GPGGA,235952.00,6051.7937,S,06030.2175,W,1,08,01.0,+00068,M,,M,,*79 Field Data Units 1 RVDAS Time Tag $GPGGA 2 UTC time at position hhmmss.ss 3 Latitude ddmm.mmm 4 North (N) or South (S) 5 Longitude ddmm.mmm 6 East (E) or West (W) 7 GPS quality (1=GPS 2=DGPS) 8 Number of GPS satellites used 9 HDOP 10 Antenna Height meters 11 M for Meters 12 Geoidal height meters 13 M for meters 14 age of diff. GPS data 15 differential reference station ID lgyr 01+083:00:00:02.493 $PASVW,05.5,A*1C 01+083:00:00:02.713 $IIVHW,246.4,T,,M,,N,,K*7F 01+083:00:00:03.274 $HCHDT,,T*07 HDT: True Heading 01+083:00:00:02.893 $HEHDT,246.3,T*2C Field Data Units 1 RVDAS Time Tag $HEHDT 2 Heading XXXXX = ddd.d degrees 3 T flag for true heading, checksum ROT: Rate of Turn 01+083:00:00:03.093 $HEROT,-006.3,A*03 Field Data Units 1 RVDAS Time Tag $HEROT 2 Rate of turn degrees/min 3 Status: A = data valid, checksum tgps GGA: Global Positioning Fix Data 00+040:00:00:00.985 $GPGGA,000003,6139.961,S,05949.422,W,1,6,001.64,-00036,M,00000,M,, Field Data Units 1 RVDAS Time Tag $GPGGA 2 Latitude in degrees with decimal minutes ddmm.mmm 3 North (N) or South (S) 4 Longitude in degrees with decimal minutes ddmm.mmm 5 East (E) or West (W) 6 GPS quality (1=GPS 2=DGPS) 7 Number of GPS satellites used 8 Horizontal dilution of precision (HDOP) 9 Antenna height above/below mean-sea-level (geoid) meters 10 Units for antenna height (M = Meters) 11 Geoidal Separation1 12 Units for Geoidal Separation (M = Meters) meters 13 Age of differential GPS data, number of seconds since last SC104 Type 1 or 9 14 Differental reference station ID 1Geoidal Separation: the difference between the WGS-84 earth ellipsoid and mean-sea-level (geoid). A negative value represents mean-sea-level below ellipsoid. GLL: Geographic Position – Latitiude/Logitude 00+040:00:00:00.065 $GPGLL,6139.96,S,05949.42,W,000002,A Field Data Units 1 RVDAS Time Tag $GPGLL 2 Latitude ddmm.mmm 3 North (N) or South (S) 4 Logitude ddmm.mmm 5 East (E) or West (W) 6 UTC of position hhmmss.ss 7 Status: A = Data Valid VTG: Track Made Good and Speed over Ground 00+040:00:00:00.213 $GPVTG,161,T,149,M,009.6,N,017.8,K Field Data Units 1 RVDAS Time Tag $GPVTG 2 Track, degrees true degrees 3 T flag for True 4 Track, degrees magnetic degrees 5 M flag for Magnetic 6 Speed over Ground knots 7 N flag for Knots 8 Speed over Ground kmhr 9 K flag for km/hr VHW: Speed Through Water and Heading 00+040:00:00:00.212 $GPVHW,246,T,234,M,012.3,N,022.8,K Field Data Units 1 RVDAS Time Tag $GPVHW 2 Heading, degrees True degrees 3 T flag for True 4 Heading, degrees Magnetic degrees 5 M flag for Magnetic 6 Speed through water knots 7 N flag for Knots 8 Speed through water km/hr 9 K flag for km/hr ZDA: Time and Date 00+040:00:00:00.285 $GPZDA,000002,09,02,2000,00,00 Field Data Units 1 RVDAS Time Tag $GPZDA 2 UTC time hhmmss.ss 3 Day: 01 – 31 dd 4 Month: 01 – 12 mm 5 Year yyy 6 Local time zone description1, 00 +/-13 hrs 7 Local time zone minutes description, same sign as local hours 1Zone description is the number of whole hours added to local time to obtain GMT, values are negative for East longitudes. BWC: Bearing and Distance to Waypoint 00+040:00:00:00.865 $GPBWC,000003,6209.70,S,05824.00,W,127.2,T,115.3,M,050.1,N,014 Field Data Units 1 RVDAS Time Tag $GPBWC 2 UTC of bearing hhmmss.ss 3 Destination waypoint latitude in degrees, decimal minutes ddmm.mmm 4 Hemisphere Flag: N or S 5 Destination waypoint longitude in degrees, decimal minutes ddmm.mmm 6 Hemisphere Flag: E or W 7 Bearing, degrees true degrees 8 T flag for True 9 Bearing, degrees magnetic degrees 10 M flag for Magnetic 11 Distance to waypoint in nautical miles nm 12 N flag for Nautical Miles 13 Waypoint ID lpcd GGA: GPS Position Fix – Geoid/Ellipsoid 00+019:23:59:59.301 $GPGGA,235958.409,6849.6944,S,13712.8472,W,1,06,1.2,092.4,M,047.3,M,,*67 Field Data Units 1 RVDAS Time Tag $GPGGA 2 UTC time at position hhmmss.sss 3 Latitude ddmm.mmm 4 North (N) or South (S) 5 Longitude ddmm.mmm 6 East (E) or West (W) 7 GPS quality (1=GPS 2=DGPS 3=P-CODE) 8 Number of GPS satellites used 9 HDOP 10 Antenna Height meters 11 M for Meters 12 Geoidal height meters 13 M for meters 14 Null field 15 Checksum GLL: GPS Latitude/Longitude 00+019:23:59:59.381 $GPGLL,6849.6944,S,13712.8472,W,235958.409,A*35 Field Data Units 1 RVDAS Time Tag $GPGLL 2 Latitude degrees 3 North or South 4 Longitude degrees 5 East or West 6 UTC of position hhmmss.sss 7 staus of data (A = valid) 8 Checksum VTG: GPS Track and Ground Speed 00+019:23:59:59.382 $GPVTG,238.7,T,182.3,M,001.8,N,003.3,K*41 Field Data Units 1 RVDAS Time Tag $GPVTG 2 Heading degrees 3 degrees True (T) 4 Heading degrees 5 degrees magnetic (M) 6 Ship speed knots 7 N = knots 8 Speed km/hr 9 Checksum XBT XBT/ During the cruise Expendable Bathythermographs were used to obtain water column temperature profiles. The data files from these launches are included. XCTD XCTD/ In addition to Expendable Bathythermographs, expendable CTD probes were used at selected points to obtain water column temperature and salinity profiles. The data files from these launches are included. Processing Notes Refer to the instrument.coeff file, included in the root level of the data distribution, for information on how the RVDAS data was processed. LMG02_01 Sensors Shipboard Sensors Sensor Description Serial # Cal. Date Status Port Anemometer R.M. Young 105106 VM35061 04/15/01 collect Stbd Anemometer R.M. Young 105106 VM28394 04/15/01 collect Barometer R.M. Young 61201 BP01150 11/07/01 collect Humidity/Wet Temp R.M. Young 41372VC 6133 06/01/01 collect Mast PAR BSI QSR-240 6394 06/05/01 collect Pyranometer Eppley PSP 31701F3 06/01/01 collect Pyrgeometer Eppley PIR 32031F3 06/01/01 collect GUV Biospherical GUV-511 Not Used TSG SeaBird SBE21 219209-1577 11/10/01 collect TSG Remote Temp SeaBird 3-01/S 1619 06/02/01 collect Fluorometer Turner 10-AU-005 Lamp: daylight 10-045, reference filter: 10-052, emission filter: 10-051, excitation filter: 10-050. 6046RTD collect Transmissometer WET Labs C-Star CST-168DR 02/20/01 collect P-Code GPS Trimble 20636-00 (SM) 220035265 PCD/CIV Bathymetry Knudsen 320B/R collect LMG02_01 CTD Sensors: Sensor Description Serial # Cal. Date Status CTD Fish Sea-Bird 9Plus-3400m 91480 06/23/01 collect CTD Deck Unit Sea-Bird 11Plus 11P8908- 0288 collect Prim. Temp. Sensor Sea-Bird 3-02/F 1542 07/26/01 collect Sec. Temp. Sensor Sea-Bird 3-02/F 1529 11/13/01 collect Prim. Cond. Sensor Sea-Bird 4-01/O 692 07/26/01 collect Sec. Cond. Sensor Sea-Bird 4-01/O 350 11/14/01 collect Diss. Oxygen Sensor Sea-Bird 13-02-B 130412 07/26/01 collect Fluorometer Chelsea model Mk III Aquatracka 088015 04/24/01 collect Pressure DigiQuartz 410K-105 53952 06/23/01 collect Transmissometer WET Labs C-Star CST-406DR 02/28/01 collect Acquisition Problems and Events This section lists all known problems with acquisition during this cruise including instrument failures, data acquisition system failures and any other factor affecting this data set. The format is jjj:hh:mm (jjj is julian day, hh is hour, and mm is minute). All times are in GMT. Date(Julian) Time(GMT) Event Location 037 20:25 Start DAS & SONAR Leaving PA Dock 038 00:14 Start PIR Fixed data stream problem 038 03:45 Stop DAS Update TSG Trans. in inst.coeff file 038 04:03 Start DAS 038 04:10 Start ADCP 68W 038 04:15 Start TSG 68W 041 18:52 Stop TSG Arrive Palmer Station 041 20:02 Stop SONAR Arrive Palmer Station 042 16:54 Change ADCP pulse length to 8 Palmer Dock 042 18:16 Change Sonar Sound speed to 1456 from 1500 Palmer Dock 042 19:06 Start SONAR Leave Palmer Station 042 19:07 Start TSG Leave Palmer Station 043 08:50 Reboot DAS – swap file error 049 14:21 Stop Met system for 15 min. System check 050 14:13 Reset ASHTECH Serial error 056 01:35 Restart TSG pump Pump overloaded (rough seas) - off 8 hrs. 057 11:00 Stop TSG Arrive Palmer Station 057 11:05 Stop SONAR Arrive Palmer Station 057 12:02 Change ADCP pulse length back to 16 Palmer Dock 057 12:05 Change Sonar Sound speed back to 1500 Palmer Dock 058 13:45 Start SONAR Leave Palmer Station 058 13:46 Start TSG Leave Palmer Station 060 00:10 DAS Crashed Memory error in bank S4 060 00:48 Restart DAS 062 02:18 Stop TSG 68W 062 02:30 Stop ADCP 68W 062 02:45 TAR DAS FILES End data collection Calibration Data Cal/ All relevant calibration sheets are scanned and saved as jpeg format in this section 16 Data Report for LMG02_01 ARSV Laurence M. Gould 13 Raytheon Polar Services United States Antarctic Program Data Report for LMG02-01 ARSV Laurence M. Gould Raytheon Polar Services United States Antarctic Program