PowerPoint Presentation


	In this study, we are using the Single nucleotide polymorphisms, or SNPs as a molecular tool. SNPs are Single nucleotide changes on the nuclear DNA resulting from replication errors and DNA damage – It is in fact a new term for polymorphic alleles, so it is not a new concept.

	For SNP identification, alignment and comparison of multiple sequences from the same genome region is necessary

	Many SNPs occur in 3^rd codon position of protein coding genes and may or may not cause amino acid changes. If it does not cause an amino acid change, then it is called a synonomous ( or silent) substitution. If it does cause an amino acid change , it is called a non-synonomous substitution. In fact some SNPS may occur at sites when any of the 4 bases will code for the same amino acid. These 4-fold degenerate sites, in particular, may be highly variable.